In order to give full play to the important role of clay minerals in the preparation of miner‐ al composites，develop green mining and realize the comprehensive utilization of minerals，aiming at the problem of low utilization rate of clay minerals，the properties，advantages and application of clay minerals in various fields are sorted out. This paper expounds the characteristics of high adsorption performance， rich surface hydroxyl groups and unique crystal structure of clay minerals such as kaolin and sepiolite by industry scholars，the high value-added products in the fields of construction，adsorption，energy storage， environmental protection and so on are prepared，and the material utilization is realized，which provides theoretical support and application reference for the high value application and engineering application of clay minerals.

In the process of informatization construction in the coal mine industry，problems such as the proliferation of data silos，difficulty in compatibility of communication protocols for heterogeneous equipment，and relatively backward safety risk management and control are prevalent. These problems seri‐ ously restrict the improvement of the overall intelligent level and operational efficiency of coal mines. To systematically solve these problems，research on the construction of an intelligent information management and control platform is carried out by Yongcheng Coal Mining Industry，with "unified standards，data�driven and intelligent collaboration" as its core. The platform adopts a cloud-edge collaboration architec‐ ture to realize the full-life-cycle governance of the data middle platform; through the domestic GIS holo‐ graphic map and low-code development system，it supports multi-terminal dynamic visualization and agile business iteration. The core key technologies of the platform include cloud-native elastic scheduling，intel‐ ligent decision-making models and cloud-endogenous security protection systems. Engineering practice verification shows that the application of the platform in Yongcheng Coal Mining Industry fully demon‐ strates its comprehensive value in safe production，green low-carbon and economy. It not only effectively solves the bottleneck problems in the enterprise's own informatization construction，but also provides a technologically exemplary paradigm and reusable engineering path for the intelligent transformation and up‐ grading of the entire coal mine industry，promoting the high-quality evolution of the coal mine industry to‐ wards an efficient，safe，green and sustainable direction.

In view of the significant difference of the ore inclusions in the deep north area of Xishan in Sanshandao Gold Mine，combined with the stability analysis of surrounding rock，the ore bodies are di‐ vided into two types，hanging wall ore（thin ore body，broken ore rock，high grade）and footwall ore （thick and large ore body，good stability，low grade）. Considering the core factors such as geological con‐ ditions of ore body，stability difference of surrounding rock and grade imbalance，three mining schemes are proposed. The comparative analysis is carried out from the dimensions of mining sequence，roadway layout，preparation engineering quantity，production capacity and production management，and the pro‐ duction capacity and mining cycle of each scheme are emphatically verified. The results show that the pro‐ duction capacity of the third scheme is the best and the mining cycle is the shortest. Finally，the differen‐ tial scheme of“upward horizontal slicing filling method in footwall mine + upward drift filling method in hanging wall mine”is determined，and the independent mining preparation system is matched to realize collaborative mining，and the industrial test is carried out. The result shows that the scheme has achieved an excellent technical and economic index with a dilution rate of 5.28%，a loss rate of 5.74%，and a panel production capacity of 1 094 t/ d，which significantly improves the mining efficiency and effectively con‐ trols the mining dilution loss，providing technical reference for the mining of similar differential deposits.

A gold mine in Henan is a low-grade gold-copper symbiotic deposit. In order to realize the efficient utilization of low-grade gold and associated copper resources and maximize the economic bene‐ fits of the mine，the industrial index demonstration of the deposit is carried out. On the basis of systemati‐ cally summarizing the geological characteristics，mining technical conditions and ore processing technical performance of the deposit，the boundary grade is determined by sample statistics method，and the critical grade of gold is calculated to be 1.80 g/t according to the principle of profit and loss balance. Combined with the actual situation of the mine，three sets of industrial index schemes with the lowest industrial grade of 1.4 g/t，1.6 g/t and 1.8 g/t are proposed. Through the ore body test circle，resource trial calculation， mining and selection technical index comparison and technical and economic evaluation，the schemes are comprehensively compared and selected. The results show that the differences in resource quantity，grade and economic benefits of the three schemes are small，and the mines can achieve profitability .Considering the resource utilization rate，ore body continuity，production service life and technical and economic con‐ ditions，it is recommended to use the industrial index as the boundary grade of 0.8 g/t，the minimum indus‐ trial grade of 1.6 g/t，the minimum recoverable thickness of 1 m，and the thickness of the stone removal of 2 m. When the tunnel is up and down，the removal length of the ore-free section is 15 m，and 30 m is tak‐en when there is no correspondence. When the thickness is less than 1 m，the product of thickness and
grade is used to circle the ore. The research results can provide a basis for the rational development，utili‐
zation and dynamic management of mine resources.

Aiming at the problem that the stability of the stope is difficult to guarantee after the open�pit to underground mining of the II~III line +120~+180 m ore body in a calcite mine，in order to determine the reasonable structural parameters of the stope and avoid the safety risk of mining，the theoretical calcu‐ lation and numerical simulation are combined to optimize the two key structural parameters of the top pillar thickness (4，5，6 m) and the width of the pillar (4，5 m). The stability of the stope under different parame‐ ters is systematically analyzed from three dimensions of stress distribution，displacement deformation and plastic zone distribution. The results show that the stope can remain basically stable under the three kinds of roof pillar thickness. The maximum Z-direction displacement of the roof after mining is 2.41，2.37 and 2.31 mm，respectively，which are far less than the safety control threshold of 30 mm. The maximum princi‐ pal stresses in the middle of the pillar are 5.94，5.76 and 5.51 MPa，respectively，which are less than the uniaxial compressive strength of 24.49 MPa of the ore body，and will not cause large-scale damage to the pillar and roof，which can ensure the safety of the lower section mining. Under the thickness of 4 m top col‐ umn，the filling body has local penetrating failure，and the pressure bearing capacity is greatly reduced， which has potential safety hazards. The stope stability under the two pillar widths meets the engineering re‐ quirements. The maximum principal stress in the middle of the pillar is 5.76 MPa and 6.35 MPa respective‐ly，and the maximum displacement in the Z-direction of the roof is 2.37 mm and 1.82 mm respectively. There is no penetrating plastic failure in the pillar，which can ensure the safety of mining. Considering the safety production，ore recovery rate，production capacity and engineering economy，it is suggested that the thickness of the top pillar of the stope should be selected as 5 m，and the width of the middle pillar should be selected as 4 m，which provides technical support for the underground mining engineering prac‐ tice of the mine.

Taking the stopes of No.I and No.VI ore bodies in the transition stage from open-pit to un‐ derground in Tongshankou Copper Mine as the research object，in view of the drastic changes of engineer‐ ing geological environment and the challenges of stope stability in this stage，the research on stope stability is carried out to provide theoretical support for mine stope design，support optimization and safe produc‐ tion. Through rock mechanics test and engineering geological test，the physical and mechanical parameters and engineering geological characteristics of various ore rocks such as porphyry and skarn are obtained. The quality of ore rock is evaluated by RMR method and Q classification method. The results show that the quality of porphyry and marble in No.I ore body is excellent，which is Grade II rock mass，and skarn is Grade III. The porphyry quality of the No.VI orebody is poor，which is a Grade III rock mass，and the RQD value is only 30 %，which is in a medium weathering state，which is a weak link in stability. Com‐ bined with Mathews stability chart method and Q system empirical formula，the stability of stope exposed surface is analyzed，and the key parameters are determined. The safety span of No.I orebody without sup‐ port is 12.36~15.45 m，and that of No.VI orebody is 9.49~11.86 m. The research shows that the stope of No. I ore body is stable as a whole，and the mining without support or weak support with a span of nearly 15 m can be adopted. The VI ore body needs to strictly control the stope parameters and take active support. The integrated technical route of 'evaluation-analysis-design' constructed in this study solves the practical problems of mines and provides reference for the transformation of similar mines.

Taking the No.I ore body of the main ore section of the Hammadi Gold Mine as the re‐ search object，combined with the overall planning of the phased mining and priority development of the main ore section，it aims to propose a technically feasible and economically reasonable development plan to provide support for the efficient，safe and low-consumption operation of the mine. Through systematic analysis of mining technical conditions such as ore body geology，hydrology，engineering and environmen‐ tal geology，it is clear that the ore body extends 500 m in strike and 334 m in maximum tilt，which belongs to thin-medium thick ore body. The hydrogeology is a simple type of fissure water filling. The engineering geology is generally simple，the stability of surrounding rock is good，and the environmental geological conditions are good. On this basis，two development schemes of shaft and inclined shaft are designed，and the comparative analysis is carried out by combining technology with economy. The results show that the initial investment of the shaft scheme is 17.626 9 million RMB，which is 1.852 4 million RMB higher than that of the inclined shaft scheme. However，the infrastructure period is 0.5 a shorter，90 000 t of ore can be mined in advance，and the benefit is 22.5 million RMB. The annual operating cost is 91.95 million RMB，and it has more advantages in improving capacity，safety and maintenance. The conclusion shows that the main ore section should adopt shaft development，supporting diagonal ventilation and other sys‐ tems，which can effectively improve the mining efficiency and income，ensure the sustainable operation of the mine，and provide reference for similar mine development design.

Longqiao Iron Mine is designed with an annual production capacity of 3 million tons and adopts a two-wing diagonal exhaust ventilation system with a designed air volume of 372 m³/s. As the main mining area is gradually transferred to the eastern and deep parts of the mine，problems such as unbal‐ anced air distribution in the western area，poor air return east of Line 3，insufficient air supply in the deep parts，and low utilization rate of return air structures are encountered in the ventilation system of Longqiao Iron Mine.Based on the actual status of the ventilation system and field measurements，an adjustment idea of "increasing resistance and boosting pressure" is proposed. The overall efficiency of the mine ventilation system is improved through systematic measures including the addition of auxiliary fans for air intake and return，the establishment of a simulation model for the stope air return path，the implementation of central‐ ized negative pressure regulation in mining areas，and the optimization of the ventilation network.A three�dimensional simulation software is used to conduct network calculation and effect verification for the opti‐ mized scheme. The results show that the air volume required by each mining area is satisfied.After the opti‐ mization of the ventilation system in Longqiao Iron Mine，the return air volume of the eastern mining area is 100.64 m³/s，which is increased by 33.45 m³/s. The return air volume of the western mining area is 128.49 m³/s，which is increased by 57.9 m³/s. The air supply volume in the deep part is 171.01 m³/s， which is increased by 125.42 m³/s. The expected target is achieved.This research can provide technical ref‐ erences for the optimization and adjustment of ventilation systems in large-scale underground mines with multi-level and multi-shaft mining conditions.

To replace the traditional shallow hole retention mining method with the segmented drill‐ ing and deep hole ore-extraction open-pit method，in order to achieve efficient mining of steeply inclined thin ore veins，the focus is on optimizing the structural parameters of the mining area，especially the rea‐ sonable determination of the inter-pillar width and the spacing of the ore-loading routes. Based on the engi‐ neering practice of the original shallow hole retention mining method，through indoor rock mechanics ex‐ periments，the rock mechanical parameters were obtained，and the control variable method was used to conduct a systematic study on the inter-pillar width and the spacing of the ore-loading routes. Using the FLAC3D numerical simulation software，a 3D numerical model of the mining area structure parameters was established，and the stress field distribution characteristics，displacement field evolution laws，and plastic zone expansion ranges of the surrounding rock of the mining area under different parameter combinations were analyzed. The numerical simulation results show that the optimized configuration of the inter-pillar width and the spacing of the ore-loading routes can significantly improve the stress state of the surrounding rock of the mining area，effectively control the deformation of the surrounding rock，and reduce the volume of the plastic zone. Based on the stability analysis of the mining area and the safety assessment of the ore�loading routes，the optimal mining area structure parameters of 5 m inter-pillar width and 8 m ore-loading route spacing were finally determined. The research results not only provide technical support for the safety production of the mine，but also provide important engineering references for the mining of steeply inclined thin ore veins under similar geological conditions.

With the continuous increase of mining depth in a copper mine，high ground stress induc‐ es large deformation of surrounding rock of soft rock roadway，which seriously threatens the safe produc‐ tion of the mine. In order to reveal the deformation mechanism of soft rock roadway and determine the opti‐ mal support time，the monitoring system of roadway ground pressure is constructed，and the long-term monitoring test of stress and deformation of underground surrounding rock is carried out. The results show that the horizontal stress variation of the roadway is significantly greater than the vertical stress，and the maximum stress variation of the surrounding rock of the left side is 20.16 MPa. The displacement of the two sides and the roof of the roadway is mainly concentrated in the first 21 days of monitoring，and the maxi‐ mum deformation is 62.2 mm. The horizontal displacement changes rapidly and then tends to be stable. Based on the analysis of the causes of roadway failure and prevention and control measures，FLAC finite difference software is used to carry out numerical simulation of support. The results showed that when the support was implemented on the 10 th day of monitoring，the maximum horizontal stress of the roadway is 47.5 MPa and the maximum vertical stress is 32 MPa. The maximum deformation of surrounding rock is 19% and 28.67% lower than that of the 5 th day and the 15 th day respectively. The field application veri‐ fies that the deformation of roadway roof and two sides under the optimized support scheme is reduced by 20.8% and 17.3% respectively compared with the original scheme，and the stability of roadway is effective‐ ly controlled. The research results can provide theoretical basis and technical guidance for deep soft rock roadway support design and ground pressure disaster prevention and control.

In order to solve the problem of dust concentration exceeding the standard in fully mecha‐ nized excavation face of outburst coal seam in a coal mine and ensure normal production，based on the mechanism of rapid water injection in fully mechanized excavation face of outburst coal seam，the applica‐ tion of rapid water injection and dust reduction technology is carried out by field test method. The results show that the rapid water injection of the outburst coal seam implemented by the segmented expansion hole sealing device can realize the uniform wetting of the coal body at the full depth of the borehole through the segmented water injection，that is，the stress concentration zone is transferred to the deep part after the wa‐ ter injection in the front section，which provides a seepage channel for the water injection in the back sec‐ tion and effectively enhances the plasticity of the coal body. The technology can make full use of the exist‐ ing water exploration and drainage boreholes，arrange the water injection operation to be completed during the extension period of the belt，do not interfere with the normal production，and the segmented hole pack‐ er is easy to operate and the hole sealing is efficient. The field test verifies that under the parameters of wa‐ ter injection pressure of 12~14 MPa and water injection time of 2.5 h，the water injection volume of a sin‐ gle hole can reach 1.6 m3 ，and the wetting radius of coal seam can reach more than 1.5 m. After water in‐ jection，the dust concentration at the driver's position of the roadheader decreased from 2 396.7 mg/m3 to 907.7 mg/m3 ，and the dust reduction efficiency reached 62.1%，which significantly improved the working environment of the working face. The research proves that the rapid water injection and dust reduction tech‐ nology is suitable for the production demand of fully mechanized excavation face of outburst coal seam， and has good engineering promotion value.

To address the problems of low mechanization level，poor production efficiency，and high loss and dilution rates of the 56# steeply inclined thin ore vein in the Jinchanggouliang Gold Mine，com‐ bined with the ore body geometry and rock properties，a study on the medium-deep hole segmented open�cut followed by waste rock filling mining method was conducted. Through rock mechanics tests and RMR classification system evaluation，the stability of the rock and ore was determined to be Grade II，providing a basis for the application of this mining method. After process optimization，the mining area was arranged with ore blocks along the strike direction，with a segmented height of 10 m. A YGZ-90 type rock drill was used for medium-deep hole blasting，and the WJD-1 type electric remote-controlled loader was used to extract the ore. The underground waste rock filling formed a complete mining process system. The applica‐ tion results showed that compared with the original mining method，using the medium-deep hole segment‐ ed open-cut followed by waste rock filling mining method resulted in a reduction of the ore loss rate from 5.6% to 1.0%，a decrease in the dilution rate from 45% to 34.7%，an increase in the mining area produc‐ tion capacity from 30 t/d to 100 t/d，a reduction in the total filling cost by 275 yuan/m³，significantly im‐ proving the safety and efficient mining level and resource recovery rate of the mine，and providing techni‐ cal reference for similar steeply inclined thin ore vein mining projects.

In order to further explore the crushing behavior of copper ore in Bond work index ball mill，the effects of key parameters such as feed particle size，grinding time，closed-circuit sieve size and cycle times on product particle size distribution，grindability and Bond work index are systematically ana‐ lyzed by batch grinding test and enhancing Bond work index test.The results show that under the condition of narrow size fraction batch grinding，the ore of each size fraction follows the law of geometric decreasing crushing，and the crushing efficiency of intermediate size fraction ore is the highest.In the process of wide grain size grinding，the particle size of the product is continuously refined with the increase of grinding time，and the cumulative pass rate amplificationof the middle grain size is the most obvious，and the parti‐ cle size reduction rate gradually slows down with time.The enhanced Bond work index test shows that with the increase of the aperture of the closed-circuit sieve，the particle size of the feed and discharge shows a coarsening trend，and the grindability of the ore increases accordingly. The grinding system reaches dynam‐ ic stability after 4～5 cycles.In addition，the Bond ball mill work index decreases first and then increases with the increase of the closed-circuit sieve aperture，which provides a theoretical basis and data support for optimizing the Bond ball mill work index test process.

In order to improve the flotation separation index of lead and zinc in a lead-zinc sulfide ore in Guangdong，in view of the difficulty of flotation separation of lead and zinc，the test of lead and zinc in turn preferential flotation process is carried out.Under the condition of reducing the pH value of the pulp （the pH value is reduced from field 12 to about 10），the combined inhibitor zinc sulfate + sodium alginate is used. On the basis of the raw orelead grade of 4.58% and the zinc grade of 9.33%，the lead concentrate with lead grade of 55.12% and lead recovery of 86.05% and the zinc concentrate with zinc grade of 52.68% and zinc recovery of 95.37% are finally obtained. The test index is better.The contact angle and zeta poten‐ tial test results show that the inhibitor zinc sulfate + sodium alginate is easier to adsorb on the surface of sphalerite and change its hydrophobicity. The combined inhibitor is expected to be applied in actual pro‐ duction，which can reduce the amount of lime in the test process and play an important role in protecting the environment.

A lead-zinc flotation tailings contain manganese carbonate，manganese silicate，manga‐ nese oxide and other manganese minerals. In order to comprehensively recover the associated manganese minerals in the tailings，three different high-intensity magnetic separation process tests are carried out， and the manganese concentrate obtained by high-intensity magnetic separation is subjected to low-intensi‐ ty magnetic iron removal test.The test results show that under the condition that the ore sample is associat‐ ed with a very low manganese grade of 6.41%，the manganese concentrate with yield of 16.91%，manga‐ nese grade of 20.68%，and manganese recovery rate of 54.53% can be obtained through high intensity mag‐ netic one roughing one cleaning one scavenging-concentrate low intensity magnetic iron removal process. It can be used to smelt high-carbon ferromanganese or ore blending for smelting manganese alloys.The com‐ prehensive recovery and utilization of associated manganese minerals lead-zinc tailings is realized，which provides a useful reference for the development and utilization of this kind of associated manganese mineral resources.

In order to realize the efficient development and utilization of a low-grade lead-zinc ore in Yunnan，based on the study of ore process mineralogy，the beneficiation process tests of low pH medium and high pH medium are carried out by using lead and zinc sequential preferential flotation process.The test results show that the process stability of low pH medium is insufficient，and the applicable range of collector and foaming agent is narrow. Lead concentrate with lead grade of 75.34% and lead recovery of 96.46%，zinc concentrate with zinc grade of 54.69% and zinc recovery of 88.12% are obtained by high pH medium process closed-circuit test. Lead concentrate contains silver 343.64 g/t，silver recovery is 74.24%， zinc concentrate contains silver 59.72 g/t，silver recovery is 12.46%，and the total recovery of silver in lead and zinc concentrate is 86.70%.Good test indexes are obtained.

In order to efficiently utilize a molybdenum-bearing copper mine in Jiangxi Province，a new inhibitor KDY-2 is developed to solve the problem of long-term low recovery rate of concentrated mo‐ lybdenum caused by high alkali process of lime in concentrated copper-sulfur separation.The mechanism of the new inhibitor is studied by infrared test，and the industrial application test of low alkalinity copper sulfur separation is carried out on the basis of small laboratory test，and the industrial dosage of KDY-2 in‐ hibitor is determined.The test results show that the concentrated molybdenum recovery rate of the low alkali process in the industrial test jumps from 45.67% to 88.08% compared with the original high alkali process. At the same time，the copper concentrate grade increases by 0.93 percentage points，the copper recovery rate in the cleaning section increases by 0.12 percentage points，and the sulfur comprehensive recovery rate increases by 3.07 percentage points. The economic benefit is remarkable.

In order to understand the ore washability of the deep VI ore body of Chengchao Mine and the adaptability of the existing beneficiation process，the ore washability test of VI ore body is carried out. The test results show that the main useful minerals in the ore of VI ore body are magnetite and associated pyrite，and the gangue minerals are mainly quartz and feldspar.Compared with Ⅴ ore body，the dissemi‐ nated particle size of the useful minerals is fine. The iron concentrate with yield of 34.50%，iron grade of 67.70% and iron recovery of 81.89% can be obtained by using the pre-discarding-stage grinding-stage separation process. The separation effect is good，and the concentrate product meets the index requirement of iron grade of more than 67.5%. The ore of VI ore body has good separability and can adapt to the exist‐ ing separation process.

In order to improve the copper recovery rate of a sulfide ore in Gejiu，Yunnan Province， the process mineralogy，preferential flotation test and production practice of single copper sulfide ore are carried out in view of the problems of many start-up equipment and inconvenient operation and manage‐ ment in the mixed flotation of the plant.The test results show that under the conditions of grinding fineness of -0.074 mm 80%，lime dosage of 1 500 g/t，roughing + scavenging 1 + scavenging 2 collector butyl sodium xanthate + ethyl sodium xanthate and foaming agent 2# oil dosage of（80+40+20）g/t and（30+15+10）g/t，re‐ spectively，the copper concentrate with copper grade of 20.42% and copper recovery of 93.10% is obtained by one roughing，one cleaning and two scavenging preferential flotation process.The industrial test results show that the copper grade obtained by preferential flotation decreases by 0.74 percentage points and the copper recovery rate increases by 3.23 percentage points compared with the mixed flotation from January to March and the preferential flotation index from April to December.Preferential flotation simplifies the pro‐ cess flow，reduces the operation and management costs，and improves the overall operating efficiency. From April to December，the cumulative economic benefits are 10.014 06 million yuan.

Taking a porphyry copper ore dressing plant as the research object，the existing tradition‐ al crushing and grinding process of "three stages and one closed circuit crushing + one stage grinding" is analyzed，and the feasibility of the application of "semi-autogenous grinding + ball milling + stone crush‐ ing（SABC）" process in the plant is discussed. The technical advantages of SABC process in grinding effi‐ ciency，energy consumption cost and automation level are systematically expounded. Combined with the ore properties（high hardness）and existing production capacity（9 million t/a），the process design and core equipment selection are studied. Through a comprehensive comparison of the two processes in terms of investment，operation，adaptability，and environmental protection，it is pointed out that the SABC pro‐ cess has outstanding advantages such as simplified process，energy saving and consumption reduction， and environmental friendliness，but there are also challenges such as high initial investment and sensitivity to ore properties. The research shows that the mine has the basic conditions for the application of SABC process in terms of ore hardness and production scale，but it is necessary to further carry out ore grindabili‐ ty test and economic evaluation to ensure the rationality and feasibility of the technical route.

In order to realize the efficient recovery and utilization of titanium resources in a titanium�bearing blast furnace slag，nitric acid pressure leaching process is adopted. Under the conditions of nitric acid dosage of 2.3 M（M is the mass of blast furnace slag，nitric acid concentration of 60%），leaching liq‐ uid-solid ratio of 3∶1，leaching temperature of 150 ℃ and leaching time of 1.5 h，the leaching rates of cal‐ cium，magnesium and aluminum in blast furnace slag are 98.10%，97.97% and 95.58%，respectively， and the leaching slag with TiO2 and SiO2 contents of 42.01% and 44.81% are obtained.The leaching resi‐ due is subjected to atmospheric alkali leaching process. Under the optimum reaction conditions of sodium hydroxide dosage 0.4 N（N is the mass of pressurized acid leaching residue），leaching temperature 40 ℃， leaching time 1.5 h，and leaching liquid-solid ratio 3∶1，the leaching rate of silicon is 95.20%，and the loss rate of titanium is 0.56%.The results show that the low calcium and magnesium titanium-rich material is prepared by nitric acid pressure leaching-atmospheric alkali leaching desilication process. Finally，the titanium-rich material with TiO2 content of 85.50%，CaO content of 0.08%，MgO content of 0.11% and SiO2 content of 3.12% is obtained. The product quality meets the relevant industry standards，which pro‐ vides a new path for the resource utilization of titanium-containing blast furnace slag.

In order to further improve the gold recovery rate in Baguamiao Gold Mine，in view of the difficulty of efficient recovery of fine-grained gold，micro-fine-grained gold and inclusion gold in gold de‐ posits，systematic process optimization and equipment transformation are carried out by means of laborato‐ ry test and industrial test demonstration. Through the three-in-one technical integration of“vibrating screen transformation and efficiency improvement，one-stage regrinding of middle ore，shaking table sys‐ tem transformation and automation upgrading”，the slurry feeding amount of Nielsen gravity separation sys‐ tem is improved，the disposal mode of middle ore in shaking table is changed，the automation control level of equipment is improved，and the recovery problems of fine gold and wrapped gold are effectively solved. After the transformation，the comprehensive gold recovery rate of the gravity separation system is increased by 4.91 percentage points，the loss of gold resources is reduced，and the economic benefit is remarkable， which provides a referential technical path for similar mines.

In order to realize the efficient utilization of tungsten resources in a tungsten polymetallic ore in Hunan Province，aiming at the problem that the ore elements and mineral composition of different ore belts are quite different，which affects the adaptability of the existing tungsten beneficiation process， based on the current wolframite and scheelite mixed flotation process，the tungsten beneficiation process optimization of ore samples in each ore belt is carried out.The effects of grinding fineness and dosage of wa‐ ter glass and soda ash on flotation indexes are investigated. The test results show that the existing wolfram‐ ite and scheelite mixed flotation process has good adaptability to the ore in each ore belt，and the recovery rate of tungsten coarse concentrate is more than 70%.However，the enrichment ratio of tungsten rough con‐ centrate for high calcium and high sulfur ores such as 4# and 5# is relatively low（only 5～6 times），indi‐ cating that calcium-containing gangue minerals such as calcite and sulfide may have adverse interference on tungsten flotation，and the separation process needs to be further optimized.

In order to realize the quantitative prediction of energy consumption based on block char‐ acteristics and provide reliable data support for energy consumption analysis of ore crushing，based on deep learning and image recognition technology，a block intelligent recognition and energy consumption modeling method for ore crushing process is proposed. On this basis，a block recognition system is de‐ ployed in a molybdenum mine crushing station to study the relationship between coarse crushing lumpiness and energy consumption of the mine.The blasting pile image is collected by the drone，and the ore block recognition data set containing multiple data augmentation processing is constructed. The Segment Any‐ thing Model (SAM) of Meta AI is used as the basic network for training and optimization，and the automatic segmentation and particle size parameter extraction of ore particles are realized.Through the image input， particle size analysis and result visualization functions，the key indicators such as total particle number， maximum particle size，F80 and F90 can be output in real time，and the current data of the main motor of the crusher can be collected synchronously，and matched with the identified block parameters，and the ef‐ fective data can be screened out.Through scatter plot and fitting analysis，it is found that the maximum lumpiness，F80 and F90 of the ore are significantly positively correlated with the crushing energy consump‐ tion，and the correlation between the maximum lumpiness and the power consumption is particularly obvi‐ ous.Based on this，a linear regression model is established as W=5.1×10-3 K+2.564 1，which realizes the quantitative prediction of energy consumption based on block characteristics，and provides a new technical path for promoting intelligent control and energy-saving optimization of crushing operation.

An iron ore in Yili area of Xinjiang contains 32.16% iron and 26.72% magnetic iron. In order to rationally develop and utilize the iron ore resources，based on the research and analysis of the properties of the raw ore，the beneficiation process tests such as magnetic separation preconcentration and discard tail，stage grinding，stage low-intensity magnetic separation and magnetic column separation were carried out. The results show that the tailings with a yield of 34.70% can be discarded by wet pre-concen‐ tration and tailings discarding under the condition of magnetic induction intensity of 350 mT when the raw ore is crushed to -12 mm，and the TFe grade of the pre-concentrate is enriched from 32.63% to 45.81%， and the mFe recovery rate can reach 99.42%. The pre-concentrate was subjected to three-stage grinding， two-stage low-intensity magnetic separation，and three-stage magnetic separation column separation. When the final grinding fineness of - 0.074 mm accounted for 95%，an iron concentrate with a yield of 39.40%，Fe grade of 65.11%，and Fe recovery of 78.74% was obtained. The test results provide a techni‐ cal reference for the iron separation process of this ore and similar refractory iron ore.

In order to realize the accurate identification of rock heterogeneity，aiming at the problem that traditional methods are difficult to characterize rock heterogeneity efficiently，the research on identify‐ ing rock heterogeneity based on digital image technology is carried out from the statistical theory of rock heterogeneity. The results show that the color heterogeneity can be effectively solved by considering the im‐ age pixels as discrete rock medium micro-elements and using the pixel color distribution characteristics to fit by Weibull function. It is found that there is a good exponential function relationship between the pixel color heterogeneity and the strength heterogeneity of rock micro-units. Therefore，a rock heterogeneity identification method based on digital image technology is established. At the same time，by studying the size effect of rock heterogeneity under color feature characterization，the heterogeneity of rock matrix and the minimum characterization area are determined，and the applicability and reliability of this method in different types of rocks are further discussed. This method not only provides a new way to quickly under‐ stand the uniformity of rock mass in the field，but also provides strong technical support for the application of numerical simulation method based on statistical theory.

The flood interception ditch is the core structure of the mine dump for flood control and di‐ saster reduction. The key parameters such as the section size directly depend on the calculation results of the flood peak flow. The numerical values obtained by different calculation methods are obviously differ‐ ent，which is directly related to the safety and design economy of the dump project. It is of great signifi‐ cance to screen and adapt the calculation method to ensure the stability of the dump and control the proj‐ ect cost. Taking a first-class dump in the southern mountainous area as an example，according to the cur‐ rent design code of mine dump，four commonly used methods，including simplified reasoning formula method，empirical formula method of Chinese Academy of Water Sciences，empirical formula method of Highway Research Institute and regional empirical formula method，were selected to calculate the flood peak flow for two typical catchment areas of 1.5 km2 and 4.0 km2 ，and the applicability and calculation de‐ viation of each method were compared and analyzed. The results show that when the catchment area is less than 3 km2 ，the calculation deviation of the simplified reasoning formula method，the empirical formula method of the Chinese Academy of Water Sciences and the regional empirical formula method is small， which is in line with the actual situation of the site and can verify the accuracy of the guarantee. When the catchment area is greater than 3 km2 ，the regional empirical formula method and the empirical formula method of the Chinese Academy of Water Sciences are recommended，and the simplified reasoning formula method is used for verification. The results of the empirical formula method of the Highway Research Insti‐ tute are conservative and have large deviations. It is only suitable for simple emergency calculations when there is a lack of local hydrological data. Although it is safe，it is easy to increase costs. This study clarifies the scope of application of various methods，which can provide reference for the design of flood intercep‐ tion ditch in dump，help designers to select on demand，and take into account the safety and economy of the project.

Aiming at the problem of instability and collapse caused by historical goaf in the north slope of an open-pit quarry，the stability study is carried out by combining numerical simulation with limit equilibrium method. Firstly，Midas software is used to simulate the current slope on the north side. It is found that the safety factor under the condition of self-weight + groundwater is only 1.082，which is lower than the specification requirements，and the maximum equivalent plastic strain is concentrated around the goaf，which has the risk of local instability. Based on this，a comprehensive treatment scheme of drainage and drainage，slope cutting and load reduction and goaf filling is proposed. After the treatment，the simpli‐ fied Bishop method based on the limit equilibrium principle is used to evaluate the stability of the north slope and the east and south slopes after the completion of the infrastructure under three working condi‐ tions of self-weight + groundwater，superimposed blasting vibration and superimposed seismic force. The results show that the safety factor of the north slope is increased to 1.532 ( self-weight + groundwater ) after treatment. The safety factor ranges of the east and south slopes under various working conditions are 1.230~1.641 and 1.323~2.038，respectively，which all meet the safety standard of Grade II slope. The safety fac‐ tors of the three-sided slope under blasting conditions are close to the lower limit of the specification，indi‐ cating that blasting disturbance is the most sensitive factor affecting slope stability. The research results provide a basis for the sustainable and safe production of mines. It is suggested that pre-splitting blasting， hole-by-hole millisecond blasting and strict control of blasting safety distance should be adopted in subse‐ quent mining to reduce dynamic disturbance.

Aiming at the problem of surrounding rock stability of mining roadway easily caused by the mining process of double hard thick coal seam，based on the production geological conditions of a mine in Aai mining area，the influence of in-situ stress distribution characteristics on the stability of surrounding rock of mining roadway in thick and hard coal seam with hard roof is systematically analyzed by combining in-situ stress measurement with FLAC3D numerical simulation. The results show that the in-situ stress in the mining area is mainly horizontal stress，and the in-situ stress field belongs to the type of tectonic stress field. The relationship between the principal stress is the maximum horizontal principal stress（σH）>the minimum horizontal principal stress（σv ）> the vertical principal stress（σh ），and the lateral pressure coef‐ ficient is 1.38~1.50. The principal stress value increases linearly with the increase of buried depth. The horizontal displacement of the surrounding rock of the left and right sides of the roadway is asymmetric. The horizontal displacement of the left side is slightly smaller than that of the right side（caused by the 12° dip angle of the coal seam ）. The larger the lateral pressure coefficient，the larger the maximum principal stress of the surrounding rock of the roadway，the larger the horizontal displacement，the smaller the verti‐ cal displacement of the roof and floor，and the larger the plastic zone of the surrounding rock. Under the condition of different lateral pressure coefficients，the surrounding rock of the roof and floor of the roadway is mainly shear failure，and the surrounding rock of the two sides is mainly tensile failure and shear failure.The plastic zone of the surrounding rock of the right side is larger than that of the left side. On the whole， the damage degree of surrounding rock of roadway roof is the most serious and the damage range is the larg‐ est. The damage degree and range of surrounding rock on the right side are greater than those on the left side. The research results can provide theoretical reference for surrounding rock stability control and sup‐ port scheme optimization of mining roadway in similar double hard thick coal seam.

The Jiudingshan copper-molybdenum polymetallic deposit is located in the holding area of Jinshajiang-Honghe fault and Chenghai-Binchuan fault. The geological tectonic unit has undergone a long-term evolution process，and the tectonic-magma activity is strong，which provides a favorable metal‐ logenic geological background for the formation of the deposit. Based on the results of geological work in the mining area，the regional metallogenic background，geological characteristics and metallogenic mecha‐ nism of the deposit are analyzed，and the metallogenic model and prospecting criteria of the Jiudingshan Cu-Mo polymetallic deposit are discussed. The results show that there are multi-stage magmatic activities in the region，which are strictly controlled by the structure. The Himalayan magmatic rocks are directly re‐ lated to the mineralization of the Jiudingshan deposit and are the main ore-controlling rock masses in the mining area. The third member of the Yingfengcun Formation of the Middle Ordovician is the main ore�bearing horizon and direct surrounding rock of the deposit. The mineralization (body) is irregularly distribut‐ ed in the direct contact part of the Machangqing rock mass and the monoclinic structure of the mining area. The ore mineralized（body）in the mining area is closely related to the alkali-rich porphyry in the Himala‐ yan period. The rock provides the mineral source for mineralization，and also provides the metallogenic power for the enrichment of the ore body. The mining area has formed a multi-stage，multi-stage and multi-type deposit combination type，and formed different mineralization types with the evolution of mag‐ matic hydrothermal fluid. Each stage of metallogenic evolution and regional porphyry magma belong to the product of a tectonic-magma-metallogenic system.

The Shamitumba copper-cobalt deposit is a typical deposit in the central part of the Zam‐ bia-Congo（DRC）copper-cobalt metallogenic belt（Lufrian tectonic belt）in Central Africa. Through the systematic collection，collation and analysis of previous research data，combined with the field geological exploration data of the mining area，the regional geological background，geological characteristics of the deposit，mineralization types and genesis of the deposit are systematically elaborated and discussed. The results show that there are multi-stage geological tectonic movements in the region. The mining area is lo‐ cated at the intersection of the Shamitumba—Kawama anticline and the Ludjiba—Kawama anticline. The continuity of strata and ore bodies is destroyed by structural cutting and dislocation. The Luo an group stra‐ tum exposed in the mining area is a set of clastic rock-argillaceous rock-siliceous rock-carbonate rock al‐ ternating sedimentary formation，which is generally subjected to regional shallow metamorphism. Among them，the mine group（R2）and the Muwaxia group（R4）are important ore-bearing strata of the deposit. The average abundance of Cu element in the Luo an group stratum is 218×10-6 ，which is much higher than the average value of Cu element in the crust sand shale 45×10-6 ，which is the main ore source layer of the deposit. There are four types of mineralization bodies in the deposit. One is the oxidized ore body in
the ' tectonic rock slice' of the Luo an Group mine group，which is developed in the Kawama2，Shamitum‐
ba and M 'Pongo ore sections. The second is the sulfide ore body that occurs in the fourth lithologic section
（R4.2）of the Luo an Group，represented by the R4 ore section and the KT3 ore body of the Atlantic ore
section ; the third is the oxidized ore body in the upper part of the fourth lithologic section of the Luo an
group（R4.2），which is developed in the Atlantic ore section. The fourth is the oxidized ore body that oc‐
curs in the lower part of the fourth lithologic section（R4.1）of the Luo an Group，which is developed in
the SS2-3 and Kawama1 ore sections. The deposit is strictly controlled by stratigraphic lithology，tectonic
action and hydrothermal activity，which belongs to the composite genetic deposit of syngenetic sedimentary
diagenesis-hydrothermal transformation enrichment-supergene oxidation.

In order to clarify the regional metallogenic background and deposit type of Yangmeitian copper polymetallic deposit，clarify the metallogenic control factors，and provide scientific basis for the fol‐ low-up prospecting exploration and similar deposit research in the mining area，based on the existing geo‐ logical exploration data of Yangmeitian copper polymetallic mining area，the geological characteristics， metallogenic regularity and prospecting indicator of the deposit are systematically analyzed by systematical‐ ly combing the structure，strata，magmatic rocks and mineralization characteristics of the mining area. The results show that the Yangmeitian copper polymetallic deposit is located in the triangle zone between the Nujiang fault and the Longling-Ruili fault，which belongs to the Pb-Zn-Cu-Fe-Hg-Sn-As-Au polymetal‐ lic ore concentration area of Baoshan block. The mining area inherits the regional metallogenic characteris‐ tics，develops nearly north-south faults and fold structures，and is accompanied by a large area of Cambri‐ an-Paleogene Longling-Pingda composite granite body，forming two types of deposits related to intrusive rocks : contact metasomatic iron-copper-lead-zinc deposit and hydrothermal vein-type copper-lead-zinc deposit. The ore ( mineralization ) bodies are mainly hosted in skarn and altered limestone and altered mar‐ ble beside skarn，with significant horizontal zoning. From the middle to the edge，iron ore-iron ore ( cop‐ per ore ) -copper ore ( lead-zinc ore ) zoning is developed. The folds，faults and different lithological inter‐faces in the mining area are the main migration channels of ore-bearing hydrothermal fluids. The mineral‐ ization is characterized by multi-stage，multi-stage and multi-source of ore-forming materials. In summa‐ ry，stratigraphic lithology，structural intersection，alteration and mineralization can be used as favorable prospecting indicators in the mining area. Intrusive rock activity and tectonic movement are the core control factors for the formation of the deposit.

In order to solve the problem of high quality and low utilization，and promote the high-val‐ ue development of resources，the geological characteristics and resource cascade utilization mode of dolo‐ mite in the Cambrian third to Furong Loushanguan Formation in Longgui Village，Xiuwen Country central Guizhou Province are studied. Through field geological mapping，microscopic lithofacies analysis，X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and chemical titration test，the ore body morphology and ore composition are sys‐ tematically analyzed. The three-dimensional geological model is constructed，and the accurate positioning and grade discrimination of the ore body are realized by combining the rapid detection technology of spec‐ trum. Innovate the step-by-step layered mining process and establish the whole industrial chain technolo‐ gy system of 'exploration classification-echelon mining-deep processing'. The orebody is distributed in a monoclinic layered shape with a gentle occurrence. The ore is mainly composed of fine-grained dolomite， with mosaic structure and massive structure. Geochemical analysis shows that CaO is 29.99% on average， MgO is 21.32% on average，SiO2 is only 0.77%，and the harmful components P and S are lower than the in‐ dustrial limit. Based on the CaO-MgO content，a three-level classification system is established，com‐ bined with three-dimensional modeling and intelligent mining to achieve cascade utilization，and the re‐ source utilization rate is increased by 20%~30%. The dolomite of Loushanguan Formation in Longgui Vil‐ lage of Xiuwen County has the characteristics of high calcium and magnesium and low impurities，which is suitable for refractory materials and high-end building materials. The grading system and the whole indus‐ trial chain technology effectively support the strategy of“rich ore fine opening”，and promote the transfor‐ mation of resources from extensive development to green high-value through the cascade development mode of“special grade-metallurgical materials，primary grade-magnesium cement，secondary grade�building aggregate”，so as to provide a paradigm for the intensive development of minerals in Xiuwen area.

The Yugula iron polymetallic deposit is located in the middle of the Bangong Lake-Nuji‐ ang River metallogenic belt，one of the most important metallogenic belts in Tibet.In recent years，the belt has made breakthroughs in prospecting and has become an important base for the replacement of copper， iron and gold polymetallic resources in China.The geological conditions for mineralization are superior，but due to the geographical conditions of the plateau area，the degree of work of the deposit is low and the re‐ source potential is not clear. In order to find out the prospecting prospect and prospecting potential of the deposit，on the basis of 1∶1 000 measured geological profile，1∶2 000 geological survey，magnetic sur‐ vey，trenching and drilling verification，the geological characteristics of the deposit and the occurrence law of the ore body are comprehensively studied，the genesis of the deposit is systematically analyzed，the prospecting criteria are summarized，and the next prospecting direction is clarified. The results show that the main ore bodies of Fe I and Fe II found in the mining area are filled in the fault fracture zone，which are layered and distributed along the ultrabasic rock mass. The mineralization is closely related to the em‐ placement of basic-ultrabasic rock mass and the later tectonic activity. The genesis of the deposit is mag‐ matic liquation type. The iron ore resources of the two main ore bodies that have been found have begun to have a small deposit scale，and the mining area has good prospecting prospects and prospecting potential. The ophiolite belt，ultrabasic rock，strong serpentinization and structural development are the key direc‐ tions for further prospecting. Among them，No.I and No.III magnetic anomaly belts are the key areas for prospecting. The combination of magnetic method and gravity exploration can improve the prediction accu‐ racy of concealed ore bodies.

In order to realize the efficient environmental protection treatment and resource utilization of a copper-containing waste rock，aiming at the problems of low efficiency，insufficient recovery rate and high environmental risk of traditional treatment technology，the treatment performance of intelligent photo‐ electric separator for small-grained phyllite type，large-grained phyllite type，small-grained porphyry type and large-grained porphyry type four types of copper-containing waste rock is studied by industrial test system.The experimental results show that the intelligent photoelectric separator has a significant en‐ richment effect on Cu and associated Au elements. The average enrichment ratios are 1.89 and 1.76，re‐ spectively，and the average metal recovery rates are 57.75% and 53.68%，respectively. The enrichment ef‐ fect on S element is weak，the average enrichment ratio is 1.36，and the metal recovery rate is 41.46%.The separation differences of different particle sizes and types of waste rocks are clarified. The intelligent photo‐ electric separator can efficiently recover Cu and associated Au resources in copper-containing waste rocks. After improvement，the enrichment effect of S elements can be further improved，which provides reliable theoretical support and technical guidance for the resource utilization of copper-containing waste rocks.

ceramic filter，filter plate cleaning agent，cleaning efficiency，working condition applica‐ bility

In order to solve the problem of selection of separation equipment for a molybdenum polymetallic ore，aiming at the significant difference in the dissemination characteristics of molybdenite and galenite in the ore，a comparative test on the separation effect of flotation column and flotation machine is systematically carried out around the two core process stages of molybdenum-lead mixed flotation and molybdenum-lead separation. The test results show that in the molybdenum-lead mixed flotation stage，un‐ der the condition of grinding fineness of -0.074 mm 65%，the flotation column has a significant advantage in the recovery of fine-grained molybdenite，and the molybdenum recovery rate（85.47%）is 6.41 percent‐ age points higher than that of the flotation machine（79.06%）. However，the recovery rate of coarse�grained galenite is insufficient，and the lead recovery rate（56.88%）is 21.06 percentage points lower than that of flotation machine（77.94%）. In the stage of molybdenum-lead separation，the flotation machine has a more thorough inhibition effect on lead by virtue of more sufficient slurry stirring and reagent dispersion effect.After one roughing and three cleaning processes，the lead grade of molybdenum concentrate can be reduced from 31.23% to 1.73%，with a decrease of 94.46%，while the flotation column needs two cleanings to achieve similar lead reduction effect. The final molybdenum concentrate lead content（9.96%）is still far more than the flotation machine，and the separation efficiency is more than 30% lower. Considering the re‐ covery benefit of molybdenum and lead，the product quality compliance rate and the subsequent process connection，the flotation machine is recommended as the main sorting equipment for the molybdenum polymetallic ore.The flotation column can be used as an auxiliary equipment for fine-grained molybdenum recovery. By further optimizing the equipment parameters and reagent system，the application potential of the combined process of flotation machine roughing + flotation column cleaning is explored.

In order to improve the operation stability and equipment operation and maintenance effi‐ ciency of the ball mill control system in Anhui Lujiang Longqiao Mining Co.，Ltd.，aiming at the problems of equipment aging，spare parts outage，frequent failures，low automation level and data island in the orig‐ inal ball mill electronic control system，a comprehensive automation upgrade is implemented with a new generation of PLC（S7-1200/1500 series）as the core，integrated intelligent sensing，advanced algorithms （such as Kawerce multi-dimensional joint judgment）and expert knowledge base. The overall design of the upgrade scheme，the realization of the core control strategy，the key difficulties and solutions in the proj‐ ect implementation are described in detail.The transformation results show that the operation stability of the new system is significantly improved，the unplanned shutdown is greatly reduced，the equipment operation rate is significantly improved，and the operation and maintenance efficiency is improved by more than 75%. The data connection with the MES/ERP system of the whole plant is realized，which lays a solid foun‐ dation for the intelligent and digital construction of the concentrator，and has significant economic benefits and promotion value.

Mechanical property analysis of backfill is an important basis for determining the reason‐ able backfill strength in underground mining of metal mines, which is directly related to the balance be‐ tween stope safety production and backfill economy and is of great significance to backfill mining in deep mines. A systematic study is carried out on the backfill prepared with a new cementing material in Zhang‐ zhuang Iron Mine. The micrograph of mine tailings is obtained by scanning electron microscopy, and the particle size distribution is analyzed with ImageJ software. Unclassified tailings backfill specimens with ce‐ ment-sand ratios of 1∶4, 1∶8 and 1∶15 are prepared, and uniaxial and conventional triaxial compression tests are conducted under standard curing conditions. The mechanical response and failure characteristics of backfill are systematically investigated. Test results reveal that the backfill exhibits a tensile failure mode dominated by vertical crack propagation. The post-peak stress strengthening characteristic and plas‐ tic deformation capacity of specimens are found to be more significant under the conditions of a lower ce‐ ment-sand ratio and a higher confining pressure. Meanwhile, the uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus and cohesion of backfill specimens increase linearly with the cement-sand ratio. Based on test da‐ ta, calculation formulas for mechanical parameters of backfill considering the variation of cement-sand ra‐ tio are proposed through fitting, and good fitting performance is achieved. The research results provide sci‐ entific support for the safety backfill design and backfill strength optimization in Zhangzhuang Iron Mine, and offer an important reference for balancing the mining safety and economic benefits of the mine.

In order to solve the problems of sticking wall and backward manual adding process of tal‐ cum powder in the production of powdery emulsion explosive，and comply with the relevant policy guid‐ ance，a new talcum powder conveying system is constructed by a company using technologies such as el‐ bow diameter reduction，pipeline reconstruction，storage and transportation system integration，intelligent control upgrading and dust control. The DN200 elbow pipe below the discharge port of the pulverizing tow‐ er is upgraded to a gradient variable diameter pipe，the curvature radius and bending angle of the elbow pipe are optimized，the overall translation transformation of the main pipeline is carried out，and the pipe support system is redesigned. A conical steel storage silo with a volume of 30 m3 is constructed，and a two�stage pneumatic conveying network is constructed. Build a distributed control system，integrate a number of core functional modules，and set up a variety of safety devices. Through the expansion of negative pres‐ sure dust collection system，innovative application of Venturi wet washing tower to improve the dust con‐ trol system. After the transformation，the probability of pipeline material accumulation is reduced to 18% of the original system，the uniformity of flow velocity is increased by 42%，the vibration is stable，the problem of pipeline wear is solved，the talcum powder is accurately added，the level of production intelli‐ gence is improved，the dust emission concentration is ≤5 mg/m3 ，the production efficiency，product quali‐ ty and working environment safety are significantly improved，which accumulates experience for the intelli‐ gent and green development of the industry and promotes the continuous progress of the industry.

In order to improve the safety production level of fluorite mine and improve the mine safe‐ ty management system，this paper systematically analyzes the current situation and key risks of fluorite mine safety management，analyzes the process characteristics of mainly underground mining，points out the management shortcomings such as weakening system implementation and insufficient training，and identifies three core safety risks of geology，operation and environment.On this basis，according to the na‐ tional non-coal mine safety policy，a safety management system framework covering“three-level linkage supervision mechanism，intelligent monitoring and early warning of hidden disaster-causing factors，and hierarchical closed-loop management of major accident hidden dangers”is constructed.Through practical verification in a medium-sized underground fluorite mine，the safety management performance has been significantly improved after the implementation of the system. The monthly average number of hidden dan‐ gers has been reduced from 32.6 to 9.8，and the completion rate of rectification has been increased from 78.3% to 99.2%. The“double zero”of production safety accidents and occupational disease cases has been achieved.The effective rate of monitoring data is 98.3%，and the accuracy of early warning is more than 94%. The system can systematically improve the risk prevention and control ability of fluorite mine，and provide a practical path for non-coal mine safety management.

In order to clarify the soil pollution status of a certain construction land，ensure the envi‐ ronmental safety of the subsequent development of urban residential land，and provide a scientific and reli‐ able environmental basis for the decision-making of land development and utilization，a systematic investi‐ gation and research on soil pollution status is carried out in view of the core problems of unclear soil pollu‐ tion base number and inability to support development and approval.By using the pollution investigation and identification method of data collection-personnel interview-field survey，56 monitoring points are set up in the plot by using the system layout method，and 3 external control points are added to improve the ac‐ curacy of the results.In the detection stage，X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) is used to quantitative‐ ly detect heavy metal indexes such as lead，cadmium and mercury in soil，and photoionization detector (PID) is used to monitor the concentration of volatile organic compounds (TVOC). On-site sampling and lab‐ oratory detection and analysis are carried out in strict accordance with relevant technical specifications.The results show that the content of heavy metals in all monitoring sites meets the requirements of relevant stan‐ dard limits，the concentration of TVOC is lower than the detection limit，and the over standard rate of soil pollutants is 0. The soil environmental quality of this plot is good，which fully meets the requirements of environmental access for urban residential land development.At the same time，targeted suggestions such as dynamic monitoring of soil environmental quality and formulation of pollution prevention and control plans during the development of plots are proposed，which provides a reference for the subsequent develop‐ ment and utilization of plots and environmental management.

In order to ensure that the effluent quality is stable and up to standard and solve the prob‐ lem of excessive total nitrogen in the circulating water of mineral processing，an enterprise carries out a study on the improvement path of water quality purification in combination with the water quality character‐ istics and site conditions of the circulating water of mineral processing，aiming at the problems such as the lack of nitrogen removal function and the hardening of the filter material in the sand filter in the existing sewage treatment station. Through the methods of current situation investigation，water quality analysis， process comparison，scheme design and cost-benefit evaluation，it is determined that the two-stage AO pro‐ cess is used to transform the existing regulating tank. The treatment process of grid → two-stage AO tank → coagulation sedimentation tank → sand filter → clear water tank is adopted，and the new carbon source dosing，aeration，reflux and other systems are added. The design treatment scale is 2 000 m3 /d.The results show that the total nitrogen removal rate is 94%，COD removal rate is 75% and suspended solids re‐ moval rate is 92% after the transformation. The effluent quality meets the Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Iron Ore Mining and Dressing Industry（GB28661-2012）and enterprise internal control requirements. The total investment of the project is 1.346 2 million yuan，and the new water operation cost is 1.444 yuan/t. The secondary AO process is suitable for the high nitrogen removal demand and land restriction of the en‐ terprise.The transformation scheme is technically feasible and economically reasonable，which can effec‐ tively solve the problem of total nitrogen exceeding the standard，and has environmental，social and eco‐ nomic benefits. It can provide reference for wastewater treatment of similar mineral processing enterprises.

In order to improve the operation efficiency of mine dust removal system，prolong the ser‐ vice life of equipment and reduce the risk of environmental protection，aiming at the problems of lack of systematic system，frequent equipment failure and insufficient stability of emission compliance in the opera‐ tion and maintenance of mine dust removal system，the core operation and maintenance objectives of emis‐ sion compliance，high equipment intact rate and low failure rate are defined by combing the equipment con‐ figuration，design objectives and operation requirements of the system.An integrated operation and mainte‐ nance system is constructed，and a multi-level maintenance plan and emergency response process for com‐ mon faults are formulated. Taking the crushing and screening workshop of a large open-pit iron mine as a practical case，the practice of special management of key equipment，information solidification of inspec‐ tion system，personnel training and emergency drills are carried out.The practice results show that the emis‐ sion concentration of particulate matter in the exhaust cylinder of the workshop is reduced from 8.5 mg/m3 to 5.1 mg/m3 ，the equipment integrity rate is increased to 96.5%，and the number of fault shutdowns is re‐ duced by 44%，forming a systematic operation and maintenance method suitable for the mine dust removal system.The research shows that the construction and implementation of the integrated operation and mainte‐ nance system can effectively ensure the stable and efficient operation of the mine dust removal system，which can provide scientific theoretical support and replicable practical solutions for mining enterprises to improve the operation and maintenance management level of the dust removal system and avoid environmen‐ tal risks.

In order to understand the hydrochemical characteristics and irrigation suitability of deep mine well water in Dongguashan Copper Mine，the mine deep well water (below the middle section of -790 m) is taken as the research object，and the pH value，conventional ion composition and TDS of mine well wa‐ ter are tested.The hydrochemical characteristics of mine well water are analyzed by means of Piper three�line diagram，Gibbs diagram and ion ratio method，and the suitability of mine well water irrigation is eval‐ uated.The results show that the hydrochemical types of deep mine well water in the study area are mainly HCO3-Ca type and HCO3 ·SO4-Ca type，which are characterized by lixiviation water in sedimentary rock areas.The hydrochemical indexes of deep mine well water in the study area are mainly controlled by rock weathering and hydrolysis，which are dominated by the dissolution of carbonate rocks，among which cal‐ cite dissolution is the main.According to the deep hydrogeological conditions of the mining area，it is in‐ ferred that the water filling source of deep mine well water is mainly Qixia Formation（P1q）and Huan‐ glong-Chuanshan Formation（C2+3 ）aquifer.The cation SAR values of mine well water are all less than 10， most of the SC values are less than 20，and a few are between 20 and 40. The deep mine well water in the study area is more suitable for agricultural irrigation.

In order to help the green and low-carbon transformation of mining industry and the con‐ struction of ecological civilization，and explore the effective way to realize ' mining without marks' in open-pit mines，a large open-pit building material mine in the south is taken as the research object. In view of the problems of large transportation distance，large land acquisition and difficult ecological restora‐ tion in the traditional mining process under the constraints of complex environment，the near-natural resto‐ ration technology of green mining with multi-section mining-internal dumping-slope dumping restoration is innovatively applied. The core of this technology is to optimize the development layout by synchronous mining and stripping in different zones，to reshape the internal dumping landform by using the goaf，and to construct the near-natural soil profile and vegetation community according to the principle of rock and soil reconstruction. The application results show that the multi-section mining shortens the infrastructure trans‐ portation road by 1.9 km，reduces the investment by 7.453 million yuan，and reduces the average annual transportation cost of the initial ore by 3.6 million yuan. The internal dumping reduces the average transpor‐tation distance of dumping by 8 km，saves an average annual freight cost of 6，392，000 yuan，and reduces the land acquisition cost of 31.69 million yuan. The inner dump covered the high and steep slope of the stope by 7.99 × 105 m2 ，increased the afforestation area by 7.99 × 105 m2 ，and reduced the cost of ecologi‐ cal restoration by 6.1472 million yuan. After the restoration，the topography of the first mining area is inte‐ grated with the surrounding natural environment，which effectively eliminates the mining traces. This tech‐ nology reduces carbon emissions through green mining，enhances carbon sink capacity through near-natu‐ ral restoration，and achieves synergistic improvement of economic and ecological benefits，which can pro‐ vide reference for similar building materials mines.

In order to improve the grinding and classification efficiency of a refractory molybdenite ore in Henan Province, and solve the problem that the content of -0.075 mm particle size in the old series grinding system is often lower than 60% and the coarse particle loss in tailings due to high oxidation, high viscosity and easy mudding of the ore, the secondary classification transformation is carried out.After the overflow of the old series of grinding classification, a cyclone is added for secondary classification to ensure that the fineness of the feed reaches the standard, and the cyclone grit is sent to the new system mill for re‐ grinding. The concentration of the old series of ore slurry is adjusted synchronously, and the concentration of the original ore slurry is increased from 28.37% to 40%～45%, so that the fineness of the system is sta‐ bilized at 48%～50%.The industrial test results after the transformation show that the overall fineness of the grinding classification system meets the production requirements, and the actual total processing capac‐ ity of the system is increased by 2.15%. The grinding classification effect is effectively optimized, and the problem of coarse particle loss in tailings is solved.Increasing the concentration of the old series of pulp is helpful to stabilize the grinding fineness, optimize the grinding classification process, provide an effective path for the process transformation, and provide a reference for the optimization of the grinding classifica‐ tion system of similar refractory molybdenum ore. It has certain engineering application value and can im‐ prove the production efficiency and economic benefits of the concentrator to a certain extent.

In order to solve the problem of unstable concentrator production water supply caused by unreasonable process of tailings reservoir backwater system and pipeline current limiting，a concentrator has carried out directional optimization technology research and engineering practice.By optimizing the wa‐ ter supply process of the high-level pool，the“double pump and double road”transformation of the floating ship system is carried out to solve the problem of production water use in the concentrator.After the transfor‐ mation of the project，the double pumps of the floating ship pump are operated in parallel，and the average return water flow is increased by 76.3% compared with that before the transformation，and the self-suffi‐ ciency rate of the production water in the plant is increased to 98.2%.It fills the water gap of the concentra‐ tor，effectively releases the backwater capacity of the floating pump in the tailings pond，and gets rid of the dependence on the mining groundwater. It provides technical reference and engineering demonstration for the efficient operation of the backwater system and the recycling of water resources in similar mines.