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    25 December 2022, Volume 38 Issue 12
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    Inspection Robot for Bulk Material Conveying System Based on Multi-Sensor Fusion
    CHEN Le, LI Jingzhao, SHI Qing, LIU Jichao, SONG Shixian, REN Chengcheng
    2022, 38(12):  1. 
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    In the field of coal mine production，belt conveyor is a common transport equipment，its safety and stability directly affect the efficiency of coal mine production. Aiming at the problem that belt conveyor is prone to failure during transportation，an inspection robot for bulk material transportation system based on improved fuzzy cellular neural network (IFCNN) optimized by dune cat swarm algorithm (SC⁃ SO) is proposed. The inspection robot is equipped with a variety of sensors to collect the image，tempera⁃ ture，speed，sound and other information of the belt conveyor during operation. The signals collected by each sensor are converted into frequency domain and time-frequency domain information，and IFCNN is used to extract and fuse the frequency domain and time-frequency domain information respectively. Combined with the attention mechanism to select important features for fault diagnosis，so as to realize the intel⁃ ligent inspection of bulk material conveying system. The practical application shows that the IFCNN opti⁃ mized by SCSO can effectively extract the fault features of belt conveyor and improve the accuracy of fault detection，so as to improve the safety of coal mine transportation.
    Application of Intelligent Fully Mechanized Mining and Caving Technology in Coal Mine
    JIANG Zhonghao
    2022, 38(12):  5. 
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    In view of the poor coordination performance of fully-mechanized mining equipment，low efficiency of fully-mechanized mining and complex coal caving process，a new technical scheme of intelligent fully-mechanized mining and coal caving in underground coal mine is proposed. The scheme takes intelligent collaborative control as the core，analyzes the technical scheme of intelligent fully mechanized mining and intelligent coal caving，and determines the mode of linkage operation between various equipment. The practical application shows that the new intelligent fully mechanized mining and coal caving technology scheme greatly reduces the number of underground workers，improves the efficiency of fully mechanized mining and coal caving，and lays a foundation for realizing the underground' intelligent unmanned fully mechanized mining' operation.
    Super-resolution Reconstruction of Mine Low Illumination Image Based on Fuzzy Kernel Estimation
    WANG Ruijun, HE Jie, HUANG Han, GUO Lin, WANG Yi
    2022, 38(12):  9. 
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    In the process of building a smart mine，the detection system has a low recognition rate for personnel violations，machine hazards，and environmental hazards under low light conditions in the mine. Considering that most of the images under the mine are real images with low pixels，high noise，and low illumination，they are not suitable for common reconstruction methods. Therefore，a reconstruction method based on fuzzy kernel estimation to construct training set is proposed to reconstruct low-resolution images into high-resolution images. The method mainly includes two parts. Firstly，the real fuzzy kernel is extracted from the image in the real data set DPED. The fuzzy kernel of the real image is estimated by using the retinex-based method，and the gradient prior information is introduced to further strengthen the edge of the fuzzy kernel. Then，the mine data set is constructed，and the extracted real fuzzy kernel is convoluted with the mine data set to construct the training set. Finally，the super-resolution reconstruction test of the real image under the mine is carried out. Experiments show that the real low-illumination image super-resolution reconstruction method based on fuzzy kernel estimation provides a higher resolution image for the de⁃ tection and recognition of the subsequent system. The algorithm is preliminarily applied to the foreign object detection in coal preparation plant，and the detection accuracy reaches 95.3%，which greatly reduces the false alarm rate and makes the coal mine production safer and more efficient.
    Multi-parameter Intelligent Hydrological Monitoring and Warning System for Water-rich Mine
    LU Yanze , WANG Lijie , SONG Yewei, YANG Zhiqiang
    2022, 38(12):  14. 
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    The hydrological monitoring system of water-rich mines in China still has shortcomings in information collection，monitoring range and real-time performance. Taking a water-rich iron mine as the background，based on GPRS data transmission and network transmission technology，combined with the actual mine construction，a set of hydrological on-line monitoring and early warning solutions integrating surface and underground is proposed. The scheme includes surface hydrological drilling automatic teleme⁃ try early warning system and underground hydrological online monitoring early warning system. It is also proposed that in the process of mine production，the advanced drilling and geophysical prospecting technol⁃ ogy should be combined to realize the water exploration and drainage in the rake direction of the working face，and the water exploration hole with large water volume should be used as a long-term drainage hole to install monitoring and sensing equipment to realize the flexible expansion of the system. Through the re⁃ al-time dynamic monitoring and safety warning of hydrological parameters such as mine hydrological drill⁃ ing，underground channel flow，drainage pipeline flow，pipeline pressure，underground water level，etc.， timely grasp of groundwater dynamics and safety control.
    Research and Application of One-key Filling Intelligent System in Baixiangshan Iron Mine
    DING Liangliang , FENG Jian , GAO Dalin , WEI Gang , XU Yan
    2022, 38(12):  18. 
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    According to the problems of hysteresis，easy plugging and difficult cleaning of caving trough in the existing filling system of Baixiangshan Iron Mine，combined with the characteristics of the existing process，from the aspects of intelligent control system，technology implementation and process transformation，an intelligent technology control system for one-key filling was constructed. The system includes automatic operation of filling production，linkage monitoring of production water pump，multi-pa⁃ rameter coupling control，control and transportation of filling slurry concentration. Practice has proved that the intelligent control system of one-key filling in Baixiangshan Iron Mine has achieved good results，the filling efficiency has been improved，the labor cost has been reduced by 30 %，and the stability and pro⁃ duction efficiency of the filling system have been guaranteed.
    Research on Mine Production Control System Based on Multi - source System Integration
    YANG Bingyang, WANG Conglin, YIN Zhiwei, ZHENG Ping, QUAN Lijuan
    2022, 38(12):  22. 
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    Through the effective integration of the geological survey and mining system，the geological pre-judgment system of the comprehensive ore blending，and the production quality management system，the mine production control system is established to achieve the integration of the underlying data， and the global sharing of information such as planning，quality，and measurement，which plays a support⁃ ing role in mine production organization，production guarantee，production scheduling，and decision-mak⁃ ing. Industry 4.0，intelligent manufacturing and other advanced concepts and mobile Internet，big data and other new technologies into the production management and business process，to further promote the deep integration of information and industrialization，improve the company's core competitiveness，innovative management model for the production of integrated collaborative management and operation platform.
    Transformation and Application of Unmanned Driving Technology for Overhead Electric Locomotives in Zhongguan Iron Mine
    LI Lin , YU Xingshe, MA Ning, DU Wei
    2022, 38(12):  26. 
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    Zhongguan Iron Mine completes the closed-loop reception of remote signals by laying switched Ethernet network signals in the underground electric locomotive transportation link，installing sig⁃ nal I/O base station signal box，Ethernet switch，positioning label，etc. At the same time，PLC editable controller，S71214 C CPU and precise positioning device are added to the electric locomotive body control system to realize the functional communication and identification of electric locomotive and Ethernet net⁃ work signals. Finally，the technical transformation of automatic remote control of electric locomotive is com⁃ pleted. The project realizes the whole process remote control operation of remote automatic transportation， remote loading and remote unloading of electric locomotive in Zhongguan Iron Mine.
    Construction Practice of Standardized Safety Intelligent Management and Control Platform for Large Underground Metal Mines
    LYU Bo, SHI Qingtao, LIAN Huanchao , ZHANG Yukang, ZHANG Zitai
    2022, 38(12):  30. 
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    The occurrence of accidents is directly related to the lack of risk control and hidden dan⁃ ger control，and the construction of standardized safety intelligent management and control platform is a strong support for mine safety production. Based on the background of large underground metallurgical mines，a standardized safety intelligent management and control platform system is built. The main func⁃ tional modules include risk management and control，hidden danger investigation，data analysis，emergen⁃ cy management and so on. The 'dual system' and 'standardization' effective integration，highlighting the basic safety management，risk classification control and hidden danger investigation and management of double prevention mechanism，improve the safety work in a timely and dynamic control ability. The plat⁃ form realizes the transformation from passive processing to active prevention，risk warning，quantifiable and dynamic management mode，greatly improves the efficiency of safety management，and achieves allround risk control and hidden danger investigation for enterprises.
    Unattended Control Technology and Application of Air Compressor in Tangkou Coal Mine
    LI Huiming
    2022, 38(12):  34. 
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    The air compressor that provides power to pneumatic equipment such as air picks and air drills in coal mines has always operated in a traditional manual duty mode. The high noise environment not only harms the physical and mental health of employees，but also is not conducive to equipment trouble⁃ shooting. In order to solve this problem，a set of automatic monitoring system with multiple ground air com⁃ pressors and Siemens S7-300 series PLC as the control core is designed to realize the centralized control and intelligent operation of the air compressor room，so as to realize the goal of unattended air compressors.
    Wireless Network Solution on Underground Locomotive Intelligent Control System
    YANG Kunyao, LIU Yang, MA Ning, ZHANG Su'na
    2022, 38(12):  37. 
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    The high-speed stability of train-ground wireless network is the key to ensure the safe and efficient operation of underground locomotive intelligent transportation system. Based on the unmanned in⁃ telligent transportation system of underground electric locomotive in Zhongguan Iron Mine，the wireless net⁃ work technology solution of underground electric locomotive under high speed operation is proposed. Based on the comprehensive analysis of roadway AP distribution and seamless coverage technology，signal redun⁃ dancy coverage technology，RF radio frequency attenuation technology，anti-electromagnetic anti-interfer⁃ ence technology，network management technology，etc.，the overall network architecture，roadway AP dis⁃ tribution scheme，installation technical points and detailed signal anti-interference technical measures are proposed to realize real-time and seamless two-way transmission of images and control signals between trains and ground. To ensure that a，stable，safe and conflict-free communication network is established be⁃ tween the surface control center and the locomotive，and the management and control of the underground backbone network and the train-ground wireless network are realized in the surface control center.
    Research and Application of Intelligent Transportation Centralized Control System for Open-pit Mine Railway
    HE Xianwen, YANG Wei , CHEN Zongyuan , ZHANG Kai
    2022, 38(12):  41. 
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    Centralized management and control system of railway transportation in open-pit mine is a railway dispatching command system which integrates computer technology，information technology，net⁃ work technology，AI technology，satellite positioning technology and track circuit technology. The system supports various automatic shunting routes，including optimizing route selection and trigger timing，auto⁃ matic route zero waiting，and assisting in efficient creation of shunting plans. The system significantly im⁃ proves the automation and intelligent level of mine railway dispatching，and achieves the purpose of down⁃ sizing.
    Study and Practice on Pre-selection Discarding Process of Coarse Grain Using Gravity in China
    LUO Zhuping
    2022, 38(12):  45. 
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    Metallic and nonmetallic ore resources are crucial foundation resource for national econo⁃ my and society development. Mature and high-efficient coarse grained pre-selection discarding technology is a powerful method to achieve highly efficient，low cost，green development for large amount ores resourc⁃ es in China with characteristics of poor，complex，fine，thin and loose. In order to promote the rational ap⁃ plication of pre-selection discarding technology for coarse grain with gravity，aiming at common gravity coarse preconcentration and waste disposal equipment，the working principle，advantages and disadvantag⁃ es of heavy media cyclone and jigging machine of were analyzed based on the brief introduction of the sig⁃ nificance of gravity coarse preconcentration and waste disposal. The technology research and practice situa⁃ tion of gravity coarse pre-separation and waste disposal for single ores such as lithium，tungsten，manga⁃ nese，iron and phosphorus and polymetallic ores such as copper，lead，zinc，tin，tantalum and niobium are introduced in detail. Finally，some suggestions are given for determining the waste disposal degree com⁃ prehensively，accurately and systematically.
    Process Mineralogy Characteristics of Spodumene Ore in China and Its Effect on Flotation Behavior
    SHU Yu, CHENG Zhouyueyang, WANG Ling, GAO Huan, WANG Zhehao
    2022, 38(12):  55. 
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    In order to provide guidance for the efficient development and utilization of spodumene ore resources in China，based on the conclusion about the ores composition，texture，structure，main mineral embedded characteristics for the spodumene ore in China，the influence of process mineralogy characteris⁃ tics on flotation was further analyzed. The results showed that the spodumene ores of Songpan-Garze lithi⁃ um mineralization belt and Altay lithium mineralization belt have higher Li2O grade，and their structures are mainly massive structure. The embedded particle sizes are coarse，which is conducive to obtaining bet⁃ ter flotation indexes. The spodumene ores in Qinling lithium mineralization belt and Southern China lithium mineralization belt have lower Li2O grade，and their embedded particle sizes are fine. Therefore，it is diffi⁃ cult to develop the ores and production cost is larger. According to the process mineralogy characteristics of spodumene in China，it is suggested to pay more attention to the efficient and comprehensive utilization of spodumene in Sichuan and Xinjiang.
    Geological Characteristics and Genesis Analysis of Tangshang Pb-Zn Polymetallic Deposit in Southwest Zhejiang
    WU Hai, WU Dehai, HU Hui, ZHANG Rui
    2022, 38(12):  62. 
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    The Tangshang lead-zinc polymetallic deposit is located in Baoxi Township，Longquan City，southwestern Zhejiang Province. Based on detailed field geological survey and comprehensive analy⁃ sis of previous data，the metallogenic geological conditions，prospecting criteria and ore body characteris⁃ tics of the deposit are analyzed. The following understandings are obtained : ①The ore types of Tangshang lead-zinc deposit can be divided into quartz vein type lead-zinc ore and altered rock type lead-zinc ore. ② The hydrothermal alteration of Tangshang lead-zinc deposit mainly includes epidotization，chloritization， carbonation，potassiation，skarnization，hematite mineralization and fluoritization. The intensity of leadzinc mineralization is positively correlated with the intensity of potassiation，epidotization and chloritiza⁃ tion. ③Tangshang lead-zinc deposit is a hydrothermal lead-zinc deposit.
    Analysis on Mineralization Factors of Lead-Zinc-Silver Polymetallic Deposits in Shanghuangqi Area of Northern Hebei
    XU Rulei , DONG Shuai
    2022, 38(12):  67. 
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    The area of Shanghuangqi in northern Hebei has superior ore-forming conditions，with a large number of lead-zinc-silver polymetallic deposits，which has a good metallogenic prospect. By sum⁃ marizing the regional geological，geophysical and geochemical characteristics，combined with the distribu⁃ tion of known deposits，the genesis of deposits is analyzed from the basic geological attributes. The results show that the mineralization of lead-zinc-silver polymetallic deposits in this area is obviously controlled by strata，structure and magmatic rock，and the Neoarchean basement metamorphic rock strata are important source beds. The complex tectonic activities provide spatial conditions for the intrusion of regional magma and the enrichment of mineral elements. The volcanic edifices in the area provide channels for the rise of materials in the crust and provide heat and power for the migration of beneficial elements. On the one hand，intensive magmatic activity provides a large amount of ore-forming heat flow，on the other hand，it provides abundant ore-forming materials. The ore-forming materials are activated and migrated through the heat source provided by fault activity，volcanic activity and magmatic intrusion，and finally enriched and mineralized in favorable ore-hosting structures.
    Geological Characteristics and Genesis Analysis of Diopside Deposit in Southeastern Mengshan，Jiangxi
    LI Hongbin , ZUO Deqiang
    2022, 38(12):  71. 
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    There are abundant diopside deposits in the southeast of Mengshan，Jiangxi.By collecting the first-hand field geological data of a large-scale diopside ore quarry in southeast of mengshan，the geo⁃ logical characteristics of diopside deposit in southeast of mengshan are summarized，and the genesis of di⁃ opside deposit is discussed. The study shows that there are two layers of diopside ore bodies in the south⁃ eastern part of Mengshan，which are located in the outer contact zone of limestone and granite in the Mid⁃ dle Permian Qixia Formation 100~200 m.The source of diopside ore-forming materials is the silicon-calci⁃ um-magnesium component of the Qixia Formation itself，and the heat source is the Mengshan composite rock mass of the Indosinian period. All kinds of cracks formed by the regional sliding structure system are conducive to the timely discharge of H2O and CO2.The comprehensive action of various favorable factors forms a large diopside deposit in the area. The genesis of the deposit is a contact thermal metamorphic de⁃ posit.
    Mineralization Conditions and Exploitation of Clay Ore in Jiangxia Mining Area， Suichuan，Jiangxi
    LI Zhechuan
    2022, 38(12):  75. 
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    The porcelain clay deposit in the Luojiangxia mining area is a large-scale weathering crust residual leaching type porcelain clay deposit found in Suichuan County. It is estimated that the total amount of porcelain clay mineral resources ( control+inference ) is 5.437 8 million tons. According to the geological characteristics of the mining area，the geological characteristics of the ore body，the chemical composition of the ore，the analysis results，the porcelain test and other data，the genesis of the deposit，the metallo⁃ genic geological conditions and the metallogenic stage of the deposit in the mining area are analyzed，and the metallogenic conditions of the porcelain deposit in the mining area are summarized. The prospecting cri⁃ teria of granite weathering deposits in this area are determined. The study has guiding significance for the prospecting of clay deposits in the same strata in this area.
    Geological Characteristics of Basic-ultrabasic Rock Copper-nickel Deposit in Hami，Xinjiang
    ZHAO Qiang, ZHANG Mingjun
    2022, 38(12):  78. 
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    The Huangshandong copper-nickel deposit in Hami City，Xinjiang is located in the Ju⁃ luotage late Paleozoic trench arc belt of the Junggar arc basin system and the Yamasu late Paleozoic island arc belt in Xinjiang. It is a basic-ultrabasic rock type copper-nickel sulfide deposit. At present，the geolog⁃ ical conditions of the deposit are insufficient，which brings inconvenience to the mining design and subse⁃ quent prospecting. By collecting and analyzing the geological data and the actual situation of stratum explo⁃ ration，the deposit geology，ore-forming environment and ore deposit types are analyzed，and the oreforming mechanism map is drawn by MAPGIS software to explain the genetic mechanism of the deposit. The results show that the copper-nickel deposit in Huangshandong belongs to magmatic melting-penetra⁃ tion copper-nickel sulfide deposit，which is rich in nickel ore and has high mining value.
    Discussion on Coal Accumulation Rule and Its Controlling Factors in Permian Leping Age in Jiangxi
    LIU Hui, GONG Ronglin
    2022, 38(12):  82. 
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    Based on the exploration data，starting from the characteristics of coal-bearing property， paleontology，coal thickness change and the distribution of coal-rich centers，using the two-in-one re⁃ search method based on strata and aiming at the law of coal accumulation，using modern sedimentology the⁃ ory，the law of coal accumulation and its controlling factors in the Permian Leping period of Jiangxi Prov⁃ ince were studied. The results show that the coal accumulation law in the area is mainly controlled by the faults in the basin. The coal accumulation basin belongs to the inland platform basin type epicontinental sea basin. The stage of tectonic activity leads to that the coal accumulation in Leping period can be divided into three stages : early，middle and late stages，forming three coal groups A，B and C respectively. The faults in the basin control the development and evolution of peat mire. The sedimentary systems mainly include al⁃ luvial plain，barrier tidal flat and river-controlled delta. The coal-forming of barrier tidal flat is better and more stable，while that of alluvial plain and river-controlled delta is poor and unstable.
    Geological Characteristics and Prospecting Indicators of Fenghuangkeng Silica Deposit in Jiangxi
    ZHOU Zhanwei , MENG Pinghong
    2022, 38(12):  85. 
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    Fenghuangkeng silica deposit is a medium-sized silica deposit discovered in Jiangxi Prov⁃ ince in recent years. In order to find out the ore-controlling factors of the silica deposit，the geological char⁃ acteristics of the deposit are analyzed and the prospecting criteria are analyzed. The results show that the Fenghuangkeng silica ore consists of two ore bodies，occurring in the NNE tectonic fracture zone. The shape and occurrence of the ore body are strictly controlled by the tectonic fracture zone. Ore minerals are quartz，microcrystalline，fine-grained structure，mainly block structure，followed by crystalline holes， crystal clusters，breccia and so on. The ore type is dense massive quartzite type. The Fenghuangkeng silica mine is a hydrothermal filling deposit controlled by faults. The prospecting criteria are NE-trending and NNE-trending large faults，Yanshanian acidic granite bodies and protruding positive terrain ( ridges ).
    Analysis on Causes and Utilization of Geothermal Resources in Gaosha Geothermal Field, Longmen, Guangdong
    QIN Haiwei, HE Peixin
    2022, 38(12):  89. 
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    Based on the geothermal resources and drilling results in Gaosha area, the causes of geo⁃ thermal resources in Gaosha geothermal field are summarized, and the developmental conditions of geother⁃ mal resources are analyzed to provide reference for actual development. The results show that the fault pro⁃ vides a good channel for the circulation and migration of deep geothermal fluid in the local thermal field, and provides conditions for the formation of thermal convection. The fracture zone and limestone fissure cave development zone in the area provide good hot water storage space. The deep hidden high-yield hot granite is large in scale in the region, providing a rich heat source. Therefore, the geothermal field is a frac⁃ tured karst cave type thermal reservoir controlled by fault zone. The hydrochemical type of the geothermal field is mainly HCO3-Ca·Na type, followed by HCO3-Na·Ca type. The direction of development and utiliza⁃ tion is physiotherapy bath, heating, agriculture, etc. The location conditions of the geothermal field are good, and the expansion of geothermal resources can meet the stable geothermal water demand in the high sand area of Longmen County.
    Research and Application of One-time Hole Forming Process of Large Diameter High-level Directional Drilling
    ZHANG Hongjie
    2022, 38(12):  92. 
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    In the process of high-level directional drilling instead of high-level drainage roadway to control upper corner gas，the hole diameter is one of the main factors affecting the implementation effect of the process. In order to improve the hole-forming efficiency of large-diameter high-level directional drill⁃ ing，through the comprehensive analysis of the factors of low construction efficiency caused by the existing high-level directional drilling multiple hole-forming process，drilling tool assembly，hole accident and so on，the hole-forming process of large-diameter high-level directional drilling is improved from three as⁃ pects of drilling rig selection，drilling tool matching and construction technology，so as to realize the onetime hole-forming of large-diameter high-level directional drilling. Through the test in Wangpo Coal Mine，the average construction efficiency of 200 mm hole diameter and 501 m final hole depth is 90 m/d， and the hole forming efficiency is increased by 76.5%. The new technology has the characteristics of simple process，high construction efficiency and strong accident prevention and treatment ability.
    Study on Stope Structural Parameters of Deep Shrinkage Method Based on Multi-index Evaluation Model
    ZHANG Baichun, LI Junping, YIN Wenfeng, CHANG Lifeng, XIAO Yigai
    2022, 38(12):  97. 
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    In order to control the ground pressure of deep mining in Dongtangzi lead-zinc mine and reduce the loss of ore resources，based on the numerical simulation method，the stope structure parameters were optimized by orthogonal test. According to the numerical simulation results，the displacement of the upper and lower plate roof，the area of the tensile zone and the tensile stress value are selected as the evalu⁃ ation indexes of the stope stability，and a multi-index comprehensive evaluation model is established to ex⁃ plore the sensitivity of the structural parameters of the stope，so as to guide the optimization of the structur⁃ al parameters of the stope. The study shows that the length of room strike is the most sensitive to the stabili⁃ ty of stope，followed by the thickness of top pillar. In the preliminary scheme of stope structural parame⁃ ters，the thickness of the pillar is 10 m，the length of the room is 38 m，and the thickness of the top pillar is 8 m. At this time，the stress concentration of the upper and lower roofs is significantly reduced. Because of the need to excavate a patio with a diameter of 2 m in the pillar，it will cause the compressive stress con⁃ centration of the shaft wall，so the thickness of the pillar is increased to 12 m.
    Application of Pre-control Top Upward Horizontal Entry Subsequent Filling Method in Zhaoanzhuang Iron Mine
    ZHANG Gaofei, SONG Bing, GAO Feng
    2022, 38(12):  102. 
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    The ore body and surrounding rock cleavage cracks of Zhaoanzhuang Iron Mine are devel⁃ oped，and the rock mass is broken and loose，which belongs to extremely unstable ore rock. The original upward horizontal layered cemented filling mining method is difficult to meet the current production re⁃ quirements. Based on the full study of the engineering geological conditions and mining technical condi⁃ tions of Zhaoanzhuang Iron Mine，the pre-controlled top upward horizontal entry subsequent filling mining method suitable for the mining technical conditions of Zhaoanzhuang Iron Mine was explored，and the cor⁃ responding mining technology and technical parameters were given. The field test shows that the method is safe and efficient and meets the requirements of low dilution loss mining. The amount of support engineer⁃ ing is reduced by 2/3，and the mining cost is reduced by 13.39 yuan/t，which has achieved good economic benefits.
    Application Practice of Underground Waterproof and Drainage Measures in Shilu Iron Mine，Hainan
    FAN Qingxia, HE Qingsong
    2022, 38(12):  106. 
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    In combination with the current situation of water gushing in the stope and mine drainage system of Shilu Iron Mine in Hainan Province，and in view of the characteristics of heavy rainfall and fast water flow in the tunnel during the typhoon storm season，a mine drainage scheme is proposed，which is mainly composed of drainage，supplemented by blocking，and combined with dredging. It is managed in five links of "interception，drainage，blocking，drainage，and protection". Four flood control ditches are set in the open air to intercept rainwater，and the rainwater infiltration speed is controlled through waste rock cushion，multi-stage sedimentation facilities，water retaining dams and drain holes are set on the wa⁃ ter flow lines of the underground stope，which not only unblocks the mine water inflow lines，reduces the water accumulation in the stope，but also effectively prevents the mud and sand from entering the sedimen⁃ tation tank and water bin，creating favorable conditions for the safe operation of drainage equipment.
    Research and Application of Deep Hole Once Blasting Well Drilling Technology
    XUE Kan, SHI Zhen
    2022, 38(12):  110. 
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    In order to reduce the safety problem of patio construction and improve the intrinsic safety and construction efficiency，through the demonstration and comparison of two schemes of parallel empty hole cutting method and VCR funnel cutting method，the application scheme of deep hole once blasting well completion technology is formulated. The scheme comprehensively utilizes the advantages of the two cutting methods，and the construction is simpler and more efficient. The field industrial test was carried out in the stope cutting patio of Jiulongnao mining area of Jiangxi Dangping Tungsten Industry Co.，Ltd. The test results show that the deep hole one-time blasting technology can achieve the purpose of safety，high ef⁃ ficiency and low cost in patio excavation，and the economic benefits are considerable，which can be popu⁃ larized and applied in underground metal mines.
    Evaluation and Improvement of Ventilation System in Production Period of Caolou Iron Mine
    ZHU Jingcheng, ZHANG Zhuo, NIU Xiaozi, DING Yong, ZHOU Wei
    2022, 38(12):  113. 
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    Through the investigation and measurement of underground ventilation system in Caolou Iron Mine，it is found that there are some problems such as short circuit of air flow in the middle section of -170 m and -230 m，excessive wind resistance in some operation sites in the middle section of -290 m， and low supply and demand ratio of air flow in the middle section of -350 m and -410 m. Therefore，by adding auxiliary fans to solve the problem of excessive local wind resistance，the measures of zoning venti⁃ lation，replacing adjusting air doors and constructing ventilation roadways are taken to improve the supply and demand ratio of air volume，and the operation frequency of existing fans is adjusted according to the ventilation demand during the production period. Through on-site testing，the measures have achieved the expected requirements after implementation.
    Optimization of High Efficient Fully Mechanized Mining Technology for Underground Thin Coal Seam in Wuyang Coal Mine
    ZHANG Xingguo
    2022, 38(12):  117. 
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    Aiming at the problems of low efficiency and poor economy in thin coal seam mining，the optimization schemes of thin coal seam excavation，roof cutting entry and fully mechanized mining layout are put forward. At the same time，based on the study of the characteristics of the existing fully-mecha⁃ nized mining equipment，the scheme of fully-mechanized mining in thin coal seam is proposed by using the new contour shearer and hydraulic support automatic control technology. The practical application shows that the optimized fully mechanized mining technology can reduce the number of underground work⁃ ers by 73.3%，and improve the efficiency of underground fully mechanized mining by 17.4%，which great⁃ ly improves the efficiency and reliability of underground fully mechanized mining.
    Quality Control Measures of 18 m Bench Blasting in Nanfen Open-pit Mine
    LI Renbin, LI Lanbin
    2022, 38(12):  121. 
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    Nanfen open-pit coal mine in order to speed up the hanging wall expansion speed，the 12m step mining changed to 18m. In this paper，the problems of site elevation in blasting，more roots and blocks produced in blasting，and more dumping of part of rock into stope are analyzed，and the control mea⁃ sures are put forward. The results show that the above problems are mainly caused by the decrease of deto⁃ nation velocity of deep emulsion explosive，the increase of resistance line，the change of lithology and the unreasonable detonation sequence when the 12 and 18 m steps are integrated. By optimizing blasting design and site management，the blasting quality is effectively improved and the mine production cost is reduced.
    Experimental Study on Creep Failure Characteristics and Viscoelastic Parameters Evolution of Homogeneous Sandstone
    XU Fei, YANG Yiran, HU Ganlai, ZHANG Han
    2022, 38(12):  124. 
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    Homogeneous sandstone widely exists in the crust and is the most common natural geologi⁃ cal body in the process of underground resource exploitation. Mastering the mechanical properties and pa⁃ rameter evolution law of homogeneous sandstone is of key value for the safe exploitation of underground re⁃ sources. Taking the common homogeneous sandstone in coal mining as the research object，the creep fail⁃ ure characteristics of homogeneous sandstone under different static load levels were obtained by uniaxial creep test. The viscoelastic parameters are obtained by parameter estimation method，and the evolution law and characteristics of viscoelastic parameters are obtained. The results show that under different static loads，the creep failure characteristics of homogeneous sandstone are quite different. The greater the Max⁃ well viscosity，the more likely the sample is to be damaged. The samples with lower viscosity are more like⁃ ly to produce greater creep deformation and failure in a longer time domain due to their strong flow ability.
    Slope Seismic Stability Model Based on Membership Function and Comprehensive Measure
    DONG Zhijun, WANG Jian
    2022, 38(12):  129. 
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    The problem of slope seismic stability seriously restricts the safe and efficient mining of mineral resources. Taking the stability of hydraulic slope as the evaluation object，the membership degree of geotechnical characteristics，neotectonic movement characteristics，slope angle，slope height，average annual rainfall and site seismic intensity index is calculated by linear measurement function. Finally，com⁃ bined with index weight entropy weight method and confidence recognition criterion，the single index mea⁃ sure evaluation matrix and index weight vector of six characteristic indexes are calculated from two factors of seismic intensity and annual average rainfall. The results show that the proposed analysis model based on membership function and comprehensive measure is consistent with the actual situation on site，which can provide safety technical support for seismic stability of hydraulic slopes.
    Study on Overburden Rock Migration Law in Coal Mine Failure Area in Secondary Mining
    WU Zhuoru
    2022, 38(12):  133. 
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    In order to further improve the recovery rate of coal resources and avoid waste of resourc⁃ es，many coal mines need to carry out secondary mining. ABAQUS is used for numerical simulation to ana⁃ lyze the influence of secondary mining process on the stability of the original stope structure. The results show that with the advance of the secondary mining face，the stress distribution on both sides of the failure zone changes continuously，and the stress concentration area is gradually formed，and the stress peak is reached in the cutting layer of the working face. The displacement of the roof also gradually increases with the advancement of the working face，and there are more mining cracks formed，and the degree of mining influence is large. When the secondary mining face advances to 0 m from the failure zone，the increase of roof displacement slows down，and the high-thickness loose rock layer provides a certain buffer effect for the roof.
    Study on Slope Stability of an Open-pit Limestone Mine
    HU Min, YAO Yuguo, CHANG Jian, CAO Renzhong, LU Hufei, JIANG Fei
    2022, 38(12):  136. 
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    A limestone mine intends to expand and deepen the boundary. In order to ensure the feasi⁃ bility of subsequent design and production safety，the final slope stability research work is carried out. Through engineering geological investigation and rock mechanics experiment，the key factors affecting slope stability such as slope engineering geological conditions，hydrogeological conditions and rock me⁃ chanics parameters are mastered，and it is determined that the slope of the stope is mainly circular arc fail⁃ ure. The safety factor of the slope under different load combinations is calculated and analyzed. The safety factor of the whole slope is greater than the allowable safety factor，and the stability of the slope meets the requirements of the specification，which verifies the rationality of the design slope parameters.
    Stability Analysis of Tailings Dam under Rainfall Conditions Based on Geo-Studio
    LIANG Yuanji
    2022, 38(12):  141. 
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    In order to study the influence of rainfall on the stability of tailings dam，taking a tailings reservoir in Yunfu，Guangdong as an example，Geo-Studio software was used to calculate the minimum safety factor of tailings dam under two working conditions of heavy rainfall and continuous rainfall based on the simplified Bishop method of limit equilibrium theory，so as to evaluate the stability of tailings dam. The results show that the minimum safety factor of the tailings dam under the two working conditions is greater than the minimum safety factor specified in the safety regulations of the tailings reservoir，indicating that the stability of the tailings dam meets the production requirements and there is no hidden danger of major production safety accidents. Combined with engineering practice，a brief engineering proposal is put for⁃ ward.
    Rockmass Characteristics and Stability Analysis of Deep Deposit in Huzhuashan Ore Block
    YANG Jia'nan, LIU Guosheng
    2022, 38(12):  145. 
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    In view of the large buried depth，complex surrounding rock structure，poor stability and large deformation of roadway in the middle section of Huzhuashan Mine，based on the analysis and evalua⁃ tion of the geological characteristics of surrounding rock，it provides guidance for underground mining and surrounding rock control.The main conclusions are as follows:①The ore type of Huzhaoshan ore block is mainly lead-zinc-sulfur type.The surrounding rock of the upper wall of the ore body is mainly Gaolishan Formation sand shale and Huanglong Formation limestone，and the lower wall of the ore body is all Huan⁃ glong Formation limestone.②Huzhuashan ore body hanging wall rock stability，ore body footwall rock sta⁃ bility is good，mining engineering geology is medium type.③The compressive strength of the hanging wall rock is 13.1~177 MPa，but the roof rock may be unstable when the structure is broken，the lithology is poor and the strength is low.④The arrangement of the transport roadway in the hanging wall of the mine section needs to consider the deep high ground stress situation，and formulate the corresponding support measures for the roadway roof.
    Bench Failure Analysis of Open-pit Slope Based on Fine Investigation of Structural Plane
    WU Heping, ZOU Ping, WU Caiwu
    2022, 38(12):  149. 
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    The slope of open-pit mine is mainly rock slope，and its common failure form is the plane failure or wedge failure of slope steps. Taking a gold mine in Inner Mongolia as the research object，based on the on-site fine investigation of the rock mass structural plane，the stability and failure mode of the slope steps of the open-pit mine are studied qualitatively and quantitatively. According to the research re⁃ sults，the step parameters of each lithologic slope are recommended: the step slope angle of chlorite quartz schist is 51°~53°，which should not be merged，and the step height is 9 m. The step slope angle of quartz⁃ ite，rhyolite porphyry and sericite quartz schist is 65°~70°，and can be merged，the step height is 9 m， and the back step height is 18 m.
    Beneficiation Test on a Low Grade Ilmenite Ore Abroad
    XIE Zhifeng , DING Li, HUANG Huichun , WAN Peng
    2022, 38(12):  153. 
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    Titanium in a low-grade ilmenite ore abroad mainly exists in the form of ilmenite，account⁃ ing for 80.73% of the total titanium，and the secondary titanium mineral is vanadium-titanium magnetite， accounting for 14.25% of the total titanium. The dissemination of ilmenite is complicated，and most of the ilmenite is closely associated with gangue minerals，followed by vanadium-titanium magnetite. In order to efficiently develop and utilize the ore resources，the beneficiation process test was carried out. The results showed that the ore was discarded by once high-intensity magnetic separation when the grinding fineness was -0.074 mm accounting for 60%. For the coarsing concentrate in high-intensity magnetic separation， the iron was removed by once low-intensity magnetic separation when the regrinding fineness was -0.045 mm accounting for 55%. Then，the titanium was selected by flotation for the iron removal product with one roughing and one cleaning. Finally，high quality titanium concentrate with TiO2 grade of 48.61% and recov⁃ ery rate of 62.87% was obtained.
    Process Study on High-pressure Grinding Roller and Wet Preselection in a Mine
    LI Gang, ZHU Jianshuang , LING Jiahong
    2022, 38(12):  156. 
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    The grade and particle size of iron concentrate obtained by three-stage one-closed crush⁃ ing and two-stage grinding low-intensity magnetic separation process have reached the needs of the pellet factory，but the grain size of the first and second stage feeding is coarse，which affects the improvement of the grinding capacity and cause the higher production cost. In order to solve these problems，the feasibility study of high-pressure grinding roller and wet preselection process for crushed ore products was carried out. The results showed that the content of -200 mesh in the final product of high-pressure grinding roller for crushed ore is 17.15%，and the ball milling power index is 9.29 kWh/t，which is lower than that of con⁃ ventional crushed products (9.68 kWh/t). The wet magnetic separation yield of rolled products is significant⁃ ly higher than that of dry separation，the concentrate grade is also significantly higher，and the tailings grade is significantly lower，indicating that the wet magnetic separation effect is better. The tailings throw⁃ ing yield is 28.78%，and the concentrate grade is up to 30.90%，6.95 percentage points higher than the ore feeding，and the recovery rate is 91.89%. The research showed that adding the closed-circuit rolling of the high-pressure roller mill and the wet preselection for the product after the current three-stage-one closedcircuit crushing process is beneficial to reduce the grinding particle size，improve the grinding grade，the grinding effect，and the grinding efficiency. It has created conditions for expanding capacity，increasing production，reducing costs and increasing efficiency.
    Study on the Technology of Increasing Proportion of High Purity Iron Concentrate in Aba Mining Concentrator
    SONG Lin , WANG Lei , XUE Shengxiang
    2022, 38(12):  160. 
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    The output of high purity iron concentrate with high added value in Aba Mining concentra⁃ tor was only about 25%. In order to increase the proportion of high purity iron concentrate，the optimization of beneficiation process was studied. The results showed that aming at the on-site iron concentrate (TFe grade is 66.50% and main impurity components is SiO2 and Al2O3 and so on) for processing high-purity iron concentrate，content of -200 mesh in grinding productions increased from 36.8% to 41.9% by optimizing the grading of steel balls and using high chromium steel balls. By increasing the grinding concentration， content of -200 mesh in grinding products has been greatly increased to 92.6%. By increasing the screen⁃ ing area and replacing the screen，the screening efficiency (measured by - 200 mesh) increased from 81.71% to 91.63%. On the basis of the above process optimization，the open circuit regrinding of ordinary iron concentrate is further changed to closed circuit regrinding，and the proportion of output of high-purity iron concentrate increased from about 25% to more than 70%，which indicates obvious economic benefits.
    Study on All-magnetic Beneficiation Process for Magnetite Ores in Anqian
    XU Donglin, LIU Shuang'an, LI Wanxing, FAN Xijie, WEI Wenjie
    2022, 38(12):  163. 
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    In order to solve the problem of process modification of the existing production process，in view of the change of ore nature of Anqian iron ore，test study was carried out with all-magnetic beneficia⁃ tion process including wet pre-selection，ball mill coarse separation and tower mill selection with Anqian magnetite as the feed ore. The results showed that the iron concentrate with the grade of 69.87% and recov⁃ ery rate of 76.72% could be obtained when the raw ore with TFe grade of 29.70% was treated by the pro⁃ cess. The study is of great practical value to improve the beneficiation efficiency and reduce the production cost of Anqian Mining Company，and is also of strategic importance to improve the utilization rate of iron ore resources in China.
    Industrial Application of Gravity Magnetic Pull Separator in Longqiao Mining
    YANG Huibing , YANG Changlong
    2022, 38(12):  166. 
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    The ores for selectin in the dressing plant of Longqiao Mining Co.，Ltd. is magnetite ores containing copper and sulfur，which was concentrated by the process of low intensity magnetic separation for iron separation and recovery of copper and sulfur from iron separation tailings. In order to ensuring the production capacity of the dressing plant maintaining at 3 million t/a，the test research and production transformation of wet preconcentration and waste disposal with gravity magnetic pull separator are carried out before grinding. The results showed that waste stone with yield of 6.68%，particle size of 12~2 mm， TFe content of 8.16%，magnetic iron content of 1.14%，copper content of 0.05%，and the sulfur content of 0.96% was obtained. The waste ore can be sold as high-quality building materials. The gravity magnetic pull separator was used for wet preconcentration before grinding，bringing about an annual benefit of 21.283 8 million yuan and ensuring the production scale of 3 million t/a for the mine.
    The Application of the New Technology of HPGR and Wind Power Separation in a Gold Mine
    SONG Xiaogang
    2022, 38(12):  169. 
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    In order to promote the promotion and application of the new process of ultra-fine crushing of HPGR，the application of the new technology of HPGR and wind power separation in a gold mine dress⁃ ing plant was introduced. The production test showed that the power consumption of 18~0 mm gold ore crushed to 1.5~0 mm accounting for 93.55% is 6.29 kWh/t with stable operation，high output，low energy consumption and high equipment operation rate. The system can easily and flexibly adjust the particle size of the final product without changing the screen，which can realize the dynamic balance of the feeding sys⁃ tem and the grinding system with a high degree of automation. The finer products requested the higher ener⁃ gy consumption of transferring materials. Therefore，it is necessary to comprehensively demonstrate the pro⁃ cess and economic benefits in production.
    Experimental Study on Optimization and Upgrading of a Scheelite Ore Flotation Inhibitor in He'nan
    LI Haobing, LI Wei, ZHANG Gaojie, ZHANG Jian, ZHANG Zhengquan
    2022, 38(12):  172. 
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    A low-grade scheelite（WO3 content of 0.062%）beneficiation plant in He'nan uses Y1 as an inhibitor，but the quality improvement effect is not satisfactory.In order to improve the situation，a large number of inhibitor optimization experiments have been carried out. The results showed that the SH series inhibitors have poor applicability to the scheelite，and the effect of improving the rough concentrate grade is not obvious.The WT series inhibitors have strong applicability and can effectively improve the grade of scheelite rough concentrate. Compared with the single inhibitor，the combined use of WT series inhibitors has a more obvious effect on improving the grade of scheelite rough concentrate. Compared with the on-site inhibitor Y1，the combined inhibitor SG-1 has a lower dosage of 120 g/t.The WO3 grade of the rough con⁃ centrate was increased from 0.805% to 1.257%，and the recovery rate only decreased by 0.46 percentage points. SG-1 has an excellent effect on enhancing the grade of low-grade scheelite rough concentrate.
    Flowsheet Investigation and Process Optimization of Molybdenum Collection System for a Mine in Fujian
    XU Lihui
    2022, 38(12):  176. 
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    In view of the problem of insufficient recovery of molybdenum for molybdenum collection system of a mine in Fujian Province，the comprehensive analysis was made based on the flowsheet investi⁃ gation data. The results showed that: ① the main reason for the loss of molybdenum metal was the lack of time for roughing and scavenging，and the secondary reason was the poor recovery of coarser or ultra-fine molybdenum minerals. ② The low classification efficiency on site was related to insufficient feed pressure and larger hydrocyclone type. The low feed concentration and filling ratio of the ball mill were the main rea⁃ sons for the low productivity and loading ratio of the mill. It was suggested to increase the flotation equip⁃ ment to expand the capacity of the flotation system，extend the flotation time and improve the flotation ef⁃ fect of molybdenum minerals. According to the overall idea of capacity expansion and transformation，se⁃ lect appropriate process optimization strategies to improve flotation parameters. The grinding quality was im⁃ proved by optimizing grinding objects and regrinding-classification operation parameters，properly raising the feed pressure and recycle ratio of hydrocyclone，re-thickening before the underflow enters the mill，op⁃ timizing the steel ball gradation and filling ratio，and replacing the existing ball mill with a tower mill.
    Development and Application of Model-free Adaptive Grinding Process Control System in a Mine
    ZHANG Renzhong, ZHU Yingzhou, SHI Yelong, GE Ziyuan, ZOU Guobin, LIU Daoxi
    2022, 38(12):  180. 
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    As a high-energy-consuming process in mining and metallurgy，grinding process with good control effect can greatly reduce the production cost of the process and enhance the profits of enterpris⁃ es. However，the grinding process is a strong coupling，nonlinear，multi-input and multi-output process， which is not only affected by many factors，but also susceptible to external interference. Meanwhile，it is unable to establish accurate mathematical model，and the production process often adopts manual adjust⁃ ment. In order to solve the problem of timeliness and accuracy of manual adjustment，the model-free adap⁃ tive control（MFAC）was studied and applied in a semi-autogenous milling and ball milling mine. Based on the input and output data and the good robustness of the system，a model-free adaptive control system with multi-input and multi-output is designed combining on-site actual. The grinding concentration and mill power were controled by adjusting the feed water and feed ore of the semi-autogenous mill，achieving good control effect. Field data simulation and field application show good results.
    Application Study on Liquid Level Integrated Control System in a Tungsten Ore Dressing Plant
    ZHAO Xuefeng, XU Yang, XIN Baijun, WANG Shuo, ZHAO Hu
    2022, 38(12):  183. 
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    Flotation is an important link in the production of concentrator，and the liquid level is an indispensable parameter in the operation. The adjustment state has great influence on the production index. Aiming at the problem of unstable manual operation of the flotation machine in heating flotation operation of a tungsten ore，according to the actual situation on site，the real-time detection and control of the liquid level of the flotation machine were realized by changing the mechanical mechanism and adopting the inte⁃ grated liquid level control system，and the flotation production was stabilized. After the transformation，the grade of tungsten concentrate increased from 31.7% to 32.2%，and the recovery rate increased from 96.38% to 97.73%，indicating good application effect.
    Analysis and Countermeasures of Bucket Out of Control of WK-10C Electric Shovel
    DING Ruochen, DENG Yunhui, WEI Pei
    2022, 38(12):  187. 
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    The WK-10C electric shovel buckets used in the stope of Zhulan Iron Mine fall down by themselves frequently，which causes several accidents that the buckets damage the high voltage power sup⁃ ply cables and the mine car baffles. In order to fundamentally avoid this problem，the shovel and its opera⁃ tion process in-depth investigation. It is determined that the root cause of bucket braking failure is that the exhaust of the compressor system of lifting mechanism is blocked. In view of this fault，the improvement scheme of adding gas pressure regulating valve is formulated. After the implementation of the scheme，the braking system responds quickly，and the bucket braking process can be completed in time and effective⁃ ly，and the failure rate of the shovel is significantly reduced.
    Modeling Analysis of On-line X-ray Fluorescence Grade Analyzer in Shaxi Copper Mine
    ZHU Yingzhou, WANG Xiaochun, SUN Xuefang
    2022, 38(12):  190. 
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    The production process and index of copper concentrate are unstable due to greater fluctua⁃ tion of raw ore grade in the concentrator of Shaxi Copper Mine. In order to solve the problems caused by fre⁃ quent fluctuation of raw ore grade, long time chemical analysis and serious lag of production adjustment, a kind of on-line X-ray fluorescence grade analyzer system is adopted. The field application showed that the precision of the original concentrate-tailing grade model improved for different degrees, achieving better calibration effect. The system can reflect the change of copper grade quickly and accurately, which creates conditions for the flotation operators to adjust process parameters in time and improves the level of intelli⁃ gent construction of the company. Further improvement of the system is needed to make the on-line X-ray fluorescence grade analyzer reflect the production situation more accurately and more quickly, and better serve the production.
    Study on Environmental Safety of Several Typical Iron Tailings
    PEI Dejian, LI Biao, HUA Shaoguang, LI Xiangmei, LI Shuqin
    2022, 38(12):  194. 
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    Iron tailings is the fine-grained solid waste discharged from the mining and separation of iron ore，which is an important factor restricting the sustainable development of mines. In order to strength⁃ en and promote the large-scale utilization of iron tailings and improve its resource attribute value，a variety of typical iron tailings are divided into four categories based on different main chemical composition，leach⁃ ing toxicity analysis and corrosion analysis were carried out by sulfuric acid and nitric acid method which is stricter than the standard，and XRD analysis was carried out on the reasons for the stability of heavy met⁃ als. The results showed that the content of heavy metals in the leaching solution was much lower than the standard limit，and the pH was between 8.34 and 9.08. The main components of the iron tailings are sili⁃ con，aluminum，calcium and magnesium，which mainly exist in stable quartz，limestone，calcium albite and cordierite，and are basically not affected by acid and alkali. The heavy metals with a content of more than 0.1% may stably exist in cordierite (manganese/copper)，annite (manganoan)，clinochlore (chromium and nickel)，dioptase，milarite zincian，melanovanadite，lead vanadium oxide，etc.，which proves that iron tailings have high environmental safety and provides a reference for the large-scale resource utilization of iron tailings.
    A Practice for Closing the Tailing Pond of Zhejiang Qingyuan Lead-zinc Mine and Transforming It into an Urban Forest Park
    ZHA Yubo, YU Jiuhua, XU Xuanmei, XIE Xuanrong, WU Yuanhai, DA Liangxia
    2022, 38(12):  197. 
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    The tailing pond in Zhejiang Qingyuan Lead-zinc Mine contains a large amount of heavy metals such as lead and zinc，which has brought great hidden safety hazards and environmental risks to the surrounding areas. In order to ensure the safety of the tailings pond and reduce the impact on the surround⁃ ing environment，the measures of "four horizontal，three vertical，two solid，one flat and one green" in practice of closing the tailing pond and urban forest park was introduced，which makes tailings pond into an urban forest park. It not only solves the safety risk，environmental risk，social impact，land occupation and other problems caused by the massive stockpiling of tailings，but also expands the local urban area to the surrounding forest mountain environment，promoting the harmonious development of society，which opens up ideas and sets an example for the treatment of similar heavy metal tailings ponds.
    Experimental Study on Graded Cementation Filling of Micro-fine Particle Tailing Sand in Baixiangshan Iron Mine
    SHEN Bin , WANG Ronglin, FENG Jian, YANG Songfu, LI Mingjun , JI Fang
    2022, 38(12):  202. 
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    In order to improve the fluidity, sedimentation and strength of the filling slurry for Baixi⁃ angshan iron ore, the micro-fine particle tailings graded cementation filling test was carried out. The results showed that: ① the graded tailings with a yield of 35% and 50% belong to coarse-grained tailings, and can be used for filling slurry preparation directly, among which the graded tailings with a yield of 50% is the best. ② With the increase of the graded yield of tailings, bleeding rate and sedimentation rate showed a downward trend. And it appeared greater impact on the sedimentation rate when the yield is more than 50%, and vice versa is smaller. ③ The graded tailings slurry with a yield of 50% has good fluidity and meets the requirements of self-flowing transportation. ④ The strength of the graded tailings filling body is higher than that of the whole tailings cementation test block, and the highest is reached when the yield is 50%, and the total tailings is the smallest.
    Analysis of Environmental Impact in Gaocun Stope Area
    ZHU Chaowei
    2022, 38(12):  206. 
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    The production system of Gaocun Iron Mine regional of Masteel Mining Resources Group is complicated with many points and wide areas. In order to better protect the environment，the environmen⁃ tal impact and prevention measures were analyzed from four aspects: atmospheric environment，water envi⁃ ronment，noise environment and solid waste environment. It was pointed out that the effect of organized dust emission on the surrounding environment was reduced through water spraying，vehicle speed limiting and soil greening，and the concentration of unorganized waste gas meets the requirements of Emission Stan⁃ dards for Pollutants from Iron Mining and Dressing Industry（GB 28661—2012）. By using the pit water for production，suppressing dust and greening，precipitating and purifying the leaching water of dump，treating domestic sewage by septic tank and sedimentation tank，recycling spray waste water，zero discharge of sewage was achieved in the end. The project noise have no obvious adverse effect on the surrounding envi⁃ ronment by choosing low noise equipment and muffler to reduce vibration and noise，optimizing the decora⁃ tion of main noise source area. strengthening the protection of workers，building green belts for noise reduc⁃ tion，making car not overload，not speeding，not gathering on the road，strengthening the road mainte⁃ nance，making no tooting and welding rail gap，building walls to block noise and other measures. The dust collected by the dust collector and the producted stone powder were sent to the dump for storage，the oilcontaining rags and household garbage were used for sanitary landfill，and the waste oil is entrusted to qualified units for disposal，so that the solid waste of the project will have less impact on the surrounding environment. The pollution prevention and control measures are effective and feasible without obvious adverse environmental impact.
    Transformation for Rainwater and Sewage Diversion of the Dolomite Mining Area in Qingyang County
    XU Weijuan, LI Shouai, WEN Wen, LI Yunxiang, CHEN Zhe
    2022, 38(12):  210. 
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    In order to further systematically improve the ecological environment of the mining area， the Qingyang dolomite mine area has carried out the transformation project of rainwater and sewage diver⁃ sion. The main scheme of drainage system transformation includes taking the original combined channel as a rainwater channel，collecting rainwater to the rainwater pool for recycling，and discharging the part which meet standard excess.A new production water treatment system is built，the production water channels that were originally discharged into the rain drain are cut off ，and all the production water channels are changed to the newly built production water treatment system. Two new buried domestic sewage treatment facilities are built to treat domestic sewage. After the transformation，the drainage capacity of Qingyang Mine has been improved，the problem of water logging in the rainy season of the area has been alleviated，and the working environment and living environment of the mining area have been improved. The reuse rate of cir⁃ culating water in the mining area is as high as 96.49%，saving about 100 000 m3 of water every year. It re⁃ duces the difficulty of environmental protection management in the mining area，comprehensively uses ex⁃ cess rainwater during the rainy season，and saves manpower and material resources.
    Microseismic Activity Law and Rockburst Prevention Technology under the Influence of Coal Pillar and Fault
    MAN Cao, ZHAO Tongchao
    2022, 38(12):  214. 
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    Based on the mining conditions of 183下05 working face in Jisan Coal Mine of Yanzhou Coal Industry Co.，Ltd.，considering the influence of irregular coal pillars and fault coal pillars left over from the overlying goaf，the microseismic activity law in the mining process of the working face is ana⁃ lyzed，and the coupling relationship between the stress of the working face and the distribution of coal pil⁃ lars in different mining periods is inverted and calculated，so as to explore the mechanism of coal body im⁃ pact instability and make targeted prevention and control. The results show that large energy microseismic events are prone to occur in the areas of residual coal pillar，roadway cutting and fault influence in the 3上 coal seam. There are obvious stress concentration and high stress gradient in the coal pillar and fault area. Through the implementation of large diameter drilling and blasting roof breaking and other prevention mea⁃ sures can better eliminate the risk of rock burst in working face. The research provides theoretical and tech⁃ nical support for coal seam mining under the same conditions.
    Application of Static Leveling in Monitoring and Early Warning of Building Deformation in Mining Area
    MU Haipeng, MENG Yahui, ZHANG Xiaolu, SONG Kun, GAO Wei, MA Junling
    2022, 38(12):  218. 
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    Coal mining will affect the stability of the buildings above it. Deformation monitoring is an important technical means to ensure the safety of buildings. In view of the difficult problem that the geomet⁃ ric leveling is labor intensive and difficult to realize real-time deformation early warning，taking the defor⁃ mation monitoring of the coal bunker above the working face of Yunhe Coal Mine as an example，the static leveling automatic measurement method is adopted，the static level is installed on the coal bunker，and the settlement of the monitoring points is automatically collected remotely. The results show that static leveling can realize automatic and real-time monitoring of building settlement and inclination，greatly improve the technical level of building deformation monitoring and early warning，and effectively ensure the safe opera⁃ tion of buildings in mining areas.
    Study on Width of Waterproof Coal Pillar Under Condition of Step Fault
    HUANG Dan, ZHANG Wenzhong, CHEN Baohui
    2022, 38(12):  222. 
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    In order to study the width of waterproof coal and rock pillar of stepped fault group，the stepped fault group composed of F23 fault and SF27 fault in Xingdong Mine of Hanxing Mining Area was taken as the research object. According to the deformation and failure depth of floor rock layer caused by coal seam mining，the calculation formula of plastic zone failure width of waterproof coal and rock pillar of stepped fault was deduced by using the stability structural mechanics model of fault quadrilateral water⁃ proof coal and rock pillar，according to the stress and geometric characteristics of local rock mass in quadri⁃ lateral coal and rock pillar. The calculation results are consistent with the results of similar simulation ex⁃ periments. Combined with the results of previous graben fault coal pillar retention，it shows that the model has good applicability for the study of fault group waterproof coal pillar retention.
    Design and Application of Airborne Dust Removal System for Large Section Rapid Excavation Face
    XI Yimiao, LI Jun, ZHANG Zhao, YAN Yanjun, YANG Junlei
    2022, 38(12):  226. 
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    In order to solve the problem of dust pollution in the rapid excavation face，the east wing return air roadway of Xiaobaodang No. 1 Coal Mine was taken as the research object. By analyzing the rapid excavation production process，the cutting dust production and migration law，the existing problems of the original dust removal system and the equipment layout of the excavation-anchor integrated machine，a set of airborne dust removal system was designed under the guidance of long press short extraction ventilation dust removal technology. The field application shows that the dust removal system has a good purification ef⁃ fect on the cutting dust of the heading face. The average dust reduction rates of total dust and respirable dust in the personnel operation area reach 87.91 % and 85.72 % respectively，and the working environ⁃ ment of the working face is significantly improved.
    Study on Electromagnetic Perspective Advanced Prediction of Water Disaster in Roadway Excavation
    WANG Can, LI Zhongyu , FU Xinkai
    2022, 38(12):  229. 
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    Mine water disaster has become one of the main hazard sources of underground mining be⁃ cause of its sudden and dangerous. In view of the fact that the resistivity of mine water is lower than that of surrounding rock，the mine transient electromagnetic method is used to observe the distribution range of water body in front of excavation. The geoelectric sections in the elevation angle，bedding direction，de⁃ pression angle and vertical direction of the tunneling face are detected respectively，and the low-resistance abnormal area in front of the tunneling face is displayed in three dimensions. The inversion results show that the mine water at different angles in front of the heading face is close，the range distribution is large， and the right side water damage is more serious than the left side. The advanced prediction of water damage in electromagnetic roadway excavation has achieved good results，which can provide a reliable reference for subsequent excavation work.
    Study on Gas Occurrence Law of Middle-low Rank Coal Seam in Baode Mining Area
    ZHANG Feng
    2022, 38(12):  232. 
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    Aiming at the typical medium-low rank thick coal seam problem of 8# coal seam in Baode mining area，the gas geological occurrence law of medium-low rank thick coal seam is studied. By analyz⁃ ing the gas genesis，gas adsorption performance，coal rock permeability and gas content distribution of coal seam，the gas geological occurrence law of medium-low rank coal seam in mining area is systematically ex⁃ plored. The results show that the elevation of the lower boundary of the gas weathering zone is +650~+776 m，and the depth of the weathering zone is 170~230 m.The gas content gradient is 2.82 m3/（100 m·t），the pressure gradient is 0.50 MPa/（100 m），and the predicted maximum absolute gas emission is 410 m3/min. It is predicted that the maximum gas content in the deep area of the mine field is 9.53 m3/t，and the maxi⁃ mum pressure is 2.07 MPa. This study provides a basis for drawing the gas distribution law of 8# coal seam and the next step of gas extraction，which is conducive to achieving the dual goals of gas disaster manage⁃ ment and gas resource utilization.
    Cause Analysis and Treatment Technology of Water Inrush in Filling Roadway of Gushan Mine
    HAO Shuang
    2022, 38(12):  236. 
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    During the excavation process of the horizontal roadway of the filling well in Gushan Mine, local collapse of the vault occurred and accompanied by a large amount of water gushing. By analyzing the causes of water inrush, a comprehensive response plan of ' roadway closure + source control ' was formulat⁃ ed. The advanced directional drilling technology is used to penetrate the roadway and grout the roadway. Af⁃ ter the closure, several branch holes are constructed to explore the water inrush channel, and the surround⁃ ing broken surrounding rock is reinforced by high-pressure grouting to completely block the water channel, and the water plugging rate reaches 100 %. After the implementation of the measures, the roadway excava⁃ tion safety passed the control area and the high water-bearing area, which has certain reference value for similar projects.
    Study on Surface Structure and Mechanical Properties of Alkali Activated Metakaolin-based Polymer Modified Clay
    YANG Hongju, JIANG Qin, WU Xu
    2022, 38(12):  239. 
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    In order to understand the effect of the alkalinity of metakaolin base polymer binder on the improvement of clay，the effects of the concentration of alkali activator substance，the different concentra⁃ tion of metakaolin based polymer and curing time on the unconfined compressive strength of the sample， and whether the geopolymers react with substances in the clay were studied. The results show that，com⁃ pared with the original clay，the unconfined compressive strength increases with the increase of metakaolin content and the molarity of NaOH. The compressive strength of the sample with 8 mol/L NaOH concentra⁃ tion and 12% NaOH dosage was 4109 N after curing for 28 days，which was 112% higher than that of the original clay. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the geopolymer reacted with the clay to form cementing particles，which were covered by cementing com⁃ pounds. The effectiveness and stability of polymeric binder based on metakaolin were verified under normal temperature and strong alkali environment. The results can provide a basis for the application and popular⁃ ization of metakaolin base polymer in soil improvement engineering.
    Influence Research on the Water Prepared by Collector BC-A on the Ilmenite Flotation
    JIANG Tao , GU Yan , HE Lei
    2022, 38(12):  243. 
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    The Fe，Ca，and Mg ions in the backwater of an ilmenite concentrator in Panzhihua reacted with the collector to produce precipitation，and the collector was consumed，resulting in poor flotation re⁃ sults. In order to solve the problem，a series of experiments about influence of water prepared by collector on flotation effect were carried out based on the analysis of precipitation and water hardness. The results showed that the hardness of the backwater was higher than that of the clear water，and the Fe，Ca，and Mg ions in the backwater would be consumed by the collector with the increasing of concentration of the collec⁃ tor solution.The effect of collector prepared by backwater on the flotation effect of ilmenite could be im⁃ proved by increasing the concentration of the collector preparation，pretreating the backwater with EDTA and alkalizing the backwater.
    Comparison of Grinding Medium Application Effect for Vertical Grinding Machine in Yinshan Mining Concentrator
    WU Yunzhi
    2022, 38(12):  246. 
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    In order to solve the problem of low copper recovery rate and high water content of copper concentrate in Yinshan Mining Company，the grinding effects of steel ball，pebble and ceramic ball for VTM-800 vertical mill were investigated. The results showed that with pebble and ceramic ball as grinding medium，the content of iron ions in grinding products is low，which is conducive to the flotation recovery of copper minerals. Compared with the use of steel ball，the medium consumption of ceramic ball decreased by nearly 90%，and the power consumption decreased by 33% and 15% respectively compared with steel ball and pebble. The use of ceramic ball and pebble as grinding medium can reduce the over-grinding of grinding products and improve the grade and recovery rate of copper concentrate. Using ceramic ball as grinding medium can prolong the service life of spiral lining of vertical grinding machine.
    Application of Nano Ceramic Ball in Second Stage Grinding of an Iron Ore
    LIN Yuanyuan , YANG Huibing , WANG Junhao , YANG Changlong, WANG Fei
    2022, 38(12):  249. 
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    In order to achieve the goal of energy saving and consumption reduction in a concentrator， the possibility of replacing steel ball with nano ceramic ball in the second stage grinding was explored through industrial tests. The results showed that replacing steel balls with nano ceramic balls in large pro⁃ portion can effectively reduce power consumption and ball consumption，and improve the processing capac⁃ ity of grinding system and grinding classification effect，without showing negative effects. The annual bene⁃ fit of saving electricity and ball is as high as 3.398 million yuan. Therefore，it is feasible to replace steel ball with ceramic ball as the main grinding medium in the second stage grinding，which provides a refer⁃ ence for other similar mines.
    Research Progress on Comprehensive Utilization of Lithium Smelting Slag
    WANG Shijun, GUO Yuefu, GUAN Changping, ZHAI Jihua
    2022, 38(12):  252. 
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    Lithium smelting slag is by-product along with lithium salts production from lithium con⁃ centrate by smelting. With the current high demand for lithium products，more and more lithium smelting slag need safe disposal. Based on the analysis of the basic characteristics（classification，chemical compo⁃ sition，mineral phase composition and so on）of lithium smelting slag and the necessity of conducting rele⁃ vant research，the current ways of recycling lithium smelting slag（production of traditional building materi⁃ als and adsorbing materials，synthesis of geopolymer cementing materials and its comprehensive recycling） were summarized. At the end，the difficulties of high-value utilization of lithium slag were analyzed and the future prospects were presented.
    Application Practice and Improvement of HP500 Crusher in Longqiao Mining
    YU Haitao
    2022, 38(12):  256. 
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    In order to exchange the experience of Anhui Longqiao Mining Co.，Ltd. in the application of HP500 crusher，the common faults and elimination of the HP500 crusher on site is analyzed on the basis of introducing the process flow of the crushing system in the concentrator and the structural characteristics and working principle of the HP500 crusher. In the end，the technical transformation experience of the site is systematically introduced. Through the analysis，summary and transformation of the problems existing in the production and operation of the HP500 crusher，the completion of the production task is effectively guaranteed，which greatly reduced the maintenance time，saved the production cost，and improved the use efficiency of the equipment. Thus，the goal of cost reduction and efficiency improvement was realized.
    Application of a Safe and Intelligent Unloading Platform for Dumper Truck
    MA Shoubin, ZHEN Yi , TAN Yiming , XU Weimin , DAI Jun
    2022, 38(12):  259. 
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    It is very common to build transfer yard near mountain in mining. In order to realize the ef⁃ ficient and safe operation of the transfer yard in the dry separation plant of Heshangqiao Iron Mine，a safe and intelligent unloading platform for the dumper truck was developed independently in the view of the problems such as easy overturning，low efficiency of pushing and discharging，serious dust pollution and poor working environment of the rack head. The intelligent platform achieve the effect including safe and re⁃ liable，low cost，durable，fast moving installation，short construction period，low power in dust suppres⁃ sion. by setting the discharging platform，limit retaining wall，mark pole，sensors，indicating lights，coun⁃ terweight lump，spray dust suppression device system.The research has a universal significance for mine using similar open assignments.
    Research on Factors Affecting the Content of O2 in Exhaust Gas of Anshan-type Shaft Furnace in JISCO
    YANG Jiubo, LIU Changdong, CHEN Xincheng , LIU Yingpeng
    2022, 38(12):  261. 
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    Aiming to control the O2 content in exhaust gas during magnetization roasting of 100 m3 An⁃ shan-type shaft furnace，the influence of air-coal ratio, air volume of smoker and seal of shaft furnace on O2 content in exhaust gas during magnetization roasting was investigated by single factor test. The experimental results showed that in the process of magnetization roasting, only when the combustion chamber tempera⁃ ture reaches a certain temperature (about 700 ℃) can the combustion-supporting air be increased to make the gas fully burn, otherwise, only increasing the amount of combustion-supporting air can only reduce the CO in the exhaust gas, but it can not make it fully burn. On the contrary, it will lead to an increase in O2 content in exhaust gas by increasing combustion-supporting air. In addition, the results of single factor test also showed that the air volume of smoker and the sealing performance of shaft furnace are also the key fac⁃ tors affecting the O2 content in exhaust gas.
    Problems in Material Conversion Process and Its Countermeasures in Wanbao Shipping Line
    BU Weiping, MA Shoubin, LIN Zhenyuan, WANG Weiqin, CHENG Bin, ZHANG Kai
    2022, 38(12):  264. 
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    In order to ensure the lime products quality doesn't be affected by the defect of transfer system in Wanbao Lime Sales Branch Office，and improve the security of the system and the efficiency of shipment，the funnel cleaning and drying device used in water and air，and belt cleaning and drying device are designed specifically. The production practice after the transformation showed that the developed device can solve the field problems efficiently and stably，and has high popularization and application value.
    Application of Production Geological Sampling Method Based on Blast Hole Drilling Cuttings in Zhangzhuang Mine
    SUN Chao, SU Jiasheng, LIU Zhiyong, XI Tingtang
    2022, 38(12):  266. 
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    Aiming at the problems of high safety risk，high difficulty，low frequency and high labor intensity in the original production geological sampling method，combined with the underground production practice of Zhangzhuang Iron Mine，according to the characteristics of mining method，a production geolog⁃ ical sampling method based on blasthole drilling cuttings is proposed. The method includes sample collec⁃ tion，preparation，analysis and grade dilution theory prediction，which has the advantages of easy opera⁃ tion，short sampling time and saving mineral resources. Through practice，this method has better results than the original production geological sampling method，and improves the control degree of stope ore.
    Earthwork Mapping Technology Based on UAV Oblique Photography
    LIU Zhen
    2022, 38(12):  269. 
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    In order to overcome the shortcomings of low efficiency and poor accuracy of traditional earthwork measurement technology，based on the analysis of oblique photography technology，an earth⁃ work mapping technology based on UAV oblique photography is proposed. Taking UAV tilt photography as the core，the three-dimensional feature images of the target area are extracted from five dimensions of four tilts and one vertical，and the efficient and rapid measurement of earthwork is realized by constructing earthwork model. The practical application shows that the surveying and mapping accuracy of the new highprecision earthwork measurement technology is about ± 0.81 % compared with the traditional grid method， which can shorten the time of earthwork measurement by 72.4 % and reduce the cost by 88.6 %. It effective⁃ ly reduces the labor intensity of surveying and mapping personnel and improves the efficiency of surveying and mapping.
    Design and Application of Remote Video Conference System for Mining Enterprises
    HUAN Wei, CHEN Shun, CHEN Kefeng, ZHAO Jun
    2022, 38(12):  272. 
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    In order to further strengthen the business communication within the enterprise，a remote video conference system integrating audio，video and data is built based on audio，video and network tech⁃ nology. The system has the functions of multi-screen meeting，dual-stream push，subtitles，and dualview transmission of the system. The remote video conference system has been well applied in network vid⁃ eo conference，technical training，education lectures and other aspects through its stable，safe and reliable advantages. At the same time，technical exchanges between units can be carried out through the remote vid⁃ eo conference system，which provides strong support for efficient office.