关键词: 菱镁矿, 浮选, 除硅, 除钙, 捕收剂, 抑制剂

Abstract: In order to realize the fine purification of low-grade magnesite，the research status of sili⁃ con removal and calcium removal reagent system in the flotation purification process of magnesite was sys⁃ tematically reviewed，focusing on the two core directions of silicon-magnesium separation and calcium�magnesium separation. In the separation of silicon and magnesium，the research progress of silicon remov⁃ al collectors（modified amines，quaternary ammonium salts，ionic liquids and composite collectors）and silicon removal inhibitors（organic phosphonic acids，cellulose and regulators）were summarized，and the mechanism and application effect of different agents were analyzed. In the aspect of calcium and magne⁃ sium separation，the development and application status of calcium removal collectors（single and new synthetic collectors，compound collectors）and calcium removal inhibitors（surfactants，phosphonates， biopolymers，etc.）were summarized. At the same time，the research direction of simultaneous separation and flotation of magnesium，silicon and calcium was discussed，including traditional amine reverse flota⁃ tion-positive flotation process，organic chelating agent synergistic flotation and new modified collector de⁃ velopment，which provide reference for the innovative development and process optimization of high-effi⁃ ciency flotation purification agents for magnesite，and promote the efficient utilization of magnesite re⁃ sources.

Key words: magnesite, flotation, silicon removal, calcium removal, collector, depressant