关键词: 含铜废石, 工艺矿物学, 生物浸出, 菌种驯化, 资源化利用

Abstract: In order to realize the resource utilization of a copper-containing waste rock in Xizang and simultaneously treat the acid wastewater in the mining area，the mineralogical characteristics of the waste rock are clarified through process mineralogy analysis. The optimum process parameters of bioleach⁃ ing are optimized by strain domestication and single factor test. At the same time，the phase analysis of the leaching residue is carried out to explore the reasons for the leaching residue of valuable metals.The test re⁃ sults show that the copper grade of the copper-containing waste rock is 0.18%，the zinc grade is 0.22%， the main copper-containing minerals are bornite（0.16%）and chalcocite（0.04%），and the calcite con⁃ tent in the gangue mineral reaches 17.47%，resulting in an acid consumption of up to 426 kg/t. After two rounds of domestication with ore，special high-efficiency leaching bacteria JC（thermophilic bacteria） and MXG（moderately thermophilic bacteria）are screened out.The optimum technological parameters of bioleaching are as follows: initial pH=2.00，JC thermophilic bacteria（30 ℃），inoculation amount 10%， pulp concentration 5%，grinding fineness - 0.038 mm 86.32%，leaching time 40 d. Under these condi⁃ tions，the copper leaching rate is 92.84% and the zinc leaching rate is 81.76%.The copper in the leaching residue mainly remains in the primary copper sulfide phase，and the zinc is mainly leached incompletely due to the dissemination characteristics of sphalerite and silicate encapsulation，which provides technical support for the resource utilization of the copper-containing waste rock and the comprehensive treatment of acid wastewater in the mining area.

Key words: copper-containing waste rock, process mineralogy, bioleaching, strain domestication, resource utilization