关键词: 深部开采, 地压监测, 巷道支护优化, 爆破扰动, 协同支护体系

Abstract: To address the problems of high ground stress and large-scale mining techniques in the deep mining of Macheng Iron Mine，as well as the frequent roof falls and roof collapses caused by frequent blasting-induced dynamic load disturbances，and to enhance the stability of large-span mining chambers and the adaptability of the support system，by combining on-site measurements and laboratory tests，a multi-level KJ21 online ground pressure monitoring system covering the upper and lower mining areas was constructed to continuously track the temporal and spatial evolution of the surrounding rock stress for 180 d. At the same time，rock triaxial compression tests under confining pressures of 5 to 25 MPa were conducted to test the strength and deformation characteristics of the dominant surrounding rocks (granite，iron ore). The results show that the deep rock mass of Macheng Iron Mine exhibits typical "high strength and brittle⁃ ness" failure characteristics，with the bearing capacity dropping sharply after reaching its peak，resulting in the easy failure of the self-bearing system. Under the combined effect of static void expansion and dy⁃ namic blasting/filling disturbances，the surrounding rock stress shows a dramatic evolution pattern of "slow increase - rapid increase-reaching the maximum-slow decrease"，which is the fundamental cause of the failure of traditional static support. Based on the research results，it is proposed that the support design should shift towards "active reinforcement and prevention of failure"，and a coordinated support optimiza⁃ tion scheme combining high pre-tension "anchor cables（ϕ21.8 mm，prestressed 250 kN）+ W steel belt" for the mining chamber and comprehensive anchor-net-spray reinforcement for the drilling chamber was implemented. Engineering practice has shown that the optimized scheme enables the mining chamber to re⁃ main stable with a significant increase in the effective span，while the stress growth rate of the boreholes decreases steadily，successfully solving the support problems in the field under high stress and strong dis⁃ turbance environments.

Key words: deep mining, ground pressure monitoring, roadway support optimization, blasting distur? bance, collaborative support system