滇西兰坪盆地北部钴矿化特征及找矿前景研究

现代矿业 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (05): 161-166.

滇西兰坪盆地北部钴矿化特征及找矿前景研究

沈良¹陶永林¹ 杨昌华¹姜永果¹ 周家喜^2，3郑义舟¹ 罗开^2，3

1. 云南省有色地质局地质地球物理化学勘查院；2. 云南大学地球科学学院； 3. 云南省高校关键矿产成矿学重点实验室

出版日期:2026-05-25 发布日期:2026-06-17

Study on Cobalt Mineralization Characteristics and Prospecting Potential in the Northern Lanping Basin，Western Yunnan

SHEN Liang1 TAO Yonglin1 YANG Changhua1 JIANG Yongguo1 ZHOU Jiaxi2，3 ZHENG YiZhou1 LUO Kai2，3

1. Geophysical，and Geochemical Exploration Survey，Yunnan Nonferrous Geology Bureau； 2. School of Earth Sciences，Yunnan University； 3. Key Laboratory of Critical Minerals Metallogeny in Universities of Yunnan Province

Online:2026-05-25 Published:2026-06-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 滇西兰坪盆地北部是西南三江成矿带重要的铜铅锌银多金属矿集区，区内钴化探异常广泛分布，钴矿找矿潜力良好。为厘清该区钴铜矿化富集规律、成矿机制及资源潜力，为后续勘查工作提供理论依据，以兰坪盆地北部碧玉河一带钴铜矿化为研究对象，综合采用资料整理、野外地质调查、地球化学样品测试及元素聚类分析等方法，开展钴矿化特征与成矿规律研究。结果表明，区内钴（铜）矿化主要赋存于中侏罗统花开左组二段蚀变砂岩中，围岩蚀变以硅化、黄铁矿化、黄铜矿化、黝铜矿化为主；矿化段 Cu 品位 0.8%~13%，伴生 Co 品位 0.028%~0.57%。钴元素主要以类质同象赋存于黄铁矿中，少量硫钴矿呈自形粒状包裹于黝铜矿内。燕山晚期构造运动形成区内北西向褶皱、断裂构造体系，喜山期构造-岩浆活化促使多金属成矿物质迁移富集，含矿热液沿断裂及次级裂隙运移沉淀，形成浅源中-低温热液脉型钴铜多金属矿床。依据成矿条件、化探异常及构造控矿规律，圈定菖蒲塘—碧玉河、白秧坪—秦归山 2 处铜钴找矿靶区。研究表明，兰坪盆地北部成矿条件优越、资源潜力较大，具备找寻中大型钴铜矿床的有利条件。

关键词: 兰坪盆地, 钴矿化特征, 找矿前景, 中低温热液成矿

Abstract: The northern part of Lanping Basin in western Yunnan is an important copper-lead-zinc�silver polymetallic ore concentration area in the Sanjiang metallogenic belt. The cobalt geochemical anoma⁃ lies are widely distributed in the area，and the cobalt ore prospecting potential is good. In order to clarify the enrichment law，metallogenic mechanism and resource potential of cobalt-copper mineralization in this area，and provide a theoretical basis for subsequent exploration work，the cobalt-copper mineralization in the Biyuhe area of the northern Lanping Basin was taken as the research object，and the characteristics of cobalt mineralization and metallogenic regularity are studied by means of data collation，field geological survey，geochemical sample test and element cluster analysis. The results show that the cobalt ( copper ) mineralization in the area mainly occurs in the altered sandstone of the second member of the Middle Juras⁃ sic Huakaizuo Formation，and the wall rock alteration is mainly silicification，pyritization，chalcopyrite mineralization and tetrahedrite mineralization. The grade of Cu in the mineralization section is 0.8%~13%， and the grade of associated Co is 0.028%~0.57%. Cobalt element mainly exists in pyrite as isomorphism， and a small amount of sulfur-cobalt ore is wrapped in tetrahedrite in an euhedral granular form. The late Yanshanian tectonic movement formed the NW-trending fold and fault tectonic system in the area. The Hi⁃ malayan tectonic-magma activation promoted the migration and enrichment of polymetallic ore-forming ma⁃ terials. The ore-bearing hydrothermal fluid migrated and precipitated along the faults and secondary fis⁃ sures，forming a shallow source medium-low temperature hydrothermal vein type cobalt-copper polymetal⁃ lic deposit. According to the metallogenic conditions，geochemical anomalies and structural ore-control⁃ ling rules，two copper-cobalt prospecting target areas were delineated in Changputang-Biyuhe and Bai⁃ yangping-Qinguishan. Studies have shown that the northern part of the Lanping Basin has superior metallo⁃ genic conditions and great resource potential，which has favorable conditions for finding medium-large co⁃ balt-copper deposits.

Key words: Lanping Basin, cobalt mineralization characteristic, prospecting potential, middle-low temperature hydrothermal metallogenesis

沈良, 陶永林, 杨昌华, 姜永果, 周家喜, 郑义舟, 罗开. 滇西兰坪盆地北部钴矿化特征及找矿前景研究[J]. 现代矿业, 2026, 42(05): 161-166.

SHEN Liang TAO Yonglin YANG Changhua JIANG Yongguo ZHOU Jiaxi, ZHENG YiZhou LUO Kai, . Study on Cobalt Mineralization Characteristics and Prospecting Potential in the Northern Lanping Basin，Western Yunnan[J]. Modern Mining, 2026, 42(05): 161-166.

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