基于数据驱动的纯电动矿用卡车能耗分析

现代矿业 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (11): 192-199.

基于数据驱动的纯电动矿用卡车能耗分析

郑明芽¹ 郑晓东¹钟添榕¹林露¹ 陶海豹² 彭倩²

1. 福建省新华都工程有限责任公司；2. 厦门理工学院机械与汽车工程学院

出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-12-23

Energy Consumption Analysis of Pure Electric Mining Truck Based on Data-Driven

1. Fujian Xinhuadu Engineering Co.，Ltd.；2. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering， Xiamen University of Technology

Online:2025-11-25 Published:2025-12-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 纯电动矿用卡车具有碳排放量低及能够进行制动能量回收的特点，近年来在露天采矿作业中的应用越来越广泛。由于电动矿用卡车行驶工况比较复杂，容易出现能耗差异较大、续航能力不足等问题。因此，研究行驶过程中影响电动矿卡能耗的关键因素可为驾驶者提供合理的节能建议。对现役的纯电动矿用卡车队开展实际行驶数据采集工作，通过斯皮尔曼相关性分析，绘制斯皮尔曼相关性热力图，筛选影响能耗的主要因素，剔除相关性低的因素。筛选出的主要影响因素包括驱动电机输出扭矩、电门开度、坡度、空气温度和载重。通过电动矿卡车能量流分析，分别基于驾驶行为、道路条件等方面，对电动矿卡车经济性进行评价；根据加速和制动过程，研究驾驶行为对整车能耗的影响，从坡度分析了道路条件对能耗的影响。基于Cruise搭建电动矿卡整车模型，分别对不同坡度、载荷状态的能耗进行仿真分析，根据能耗分析结果为驾驶者提供节能建议。结果表明：对于研究采用的电动矿用卡车，当坡度为7%，载荷状态为空载上坡-满载下坡时，电动矿用卡车能耗最低；驾驶者采用柔和的加速方式，增加电机制动占比，减少启停次数，能够有效降低能耗。

关键词: 纯电动矿用卡车, 数据采集, 能耗分析, 坡度, 载荷状态

Abstract: Pure electric mining trucks have the characteristics of low carbon emissions and braking en⁃ ergy recovery. In recent years，they have been widely used in open-pit mining operations. Due to the complex driving conditions of the electric mining truck，it is easy to have problems such as large energy consumption difference and insufficient endurance. Therefore，the study of the key factors affecting the energy consump⁃ tion of electric mining truck during driving provides reasonable energy-saving suggestions for drivers. The actual driving data acquisition work is carried out for the active pure electric mining truck fleet. Through the Spearman correlation analysis，the Spearman correlation heat map is drawn to screen the main factors affect⁃ ing energy consumption and eliminate the factors with low correlation. The main influencing factors include the output torque of the drive motor，the opening of the electric door，the slope，the air temperature and the load. Through the energy flow analysis of the electric mining truck，the economy of the electric mining truck is evaluated based on the driving behavior and road conditions.According to the acceleration and braking pro⁃ cess，the influence of driving behavior on vehicle energy consumption is studied，and the influence of road conditions on energy consumption is analyzed from the slope. Based on Cruise，the whole vehicle model of electric mining truck is built，and the energy consumption of different gradient and load states is simulated and analyzed respectively. According to the results of energy consumption analysis，energy-saving sugges⁃ tions are provided to drivers. The results show that for the electric mining truck used in the study，when the gradient is 7% and the load state is no-load uphill-full load downhill，the energy consumption of the electric mining truck is the lowest. The driver adopts a gentle acceleration method to increase the proportion of motor braking and reduce the number of start-stops，which can effectively reduce energy consumption.

Key words: pure electric mining truck, data acquisition, energy consumption analysis, gradient, load state

郑明芽, 郑晓东, 钟添榕, 林露, 陶海豹, 彭倩. 基于数据驱动的纯电动矿用卡车能耗分析[J]. 现代矿业, 2025, 41(11): 192-199.

ZHENG Mingya ZHENG Xiaodong ZHONG Tianrong LIN Lu TAO Haibao PENG Qian. Energy Consumption Analysis of Pure Electric Mining Truck Based on Data-Driven[J]. Modern Mining, 2025, 41(11): 192-199.

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