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现代矿业 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (04): 99-.
断层是金属矿山采空区稳定性的薄弱环节，也是地压显现治理的难点。以金山店铁矿
为背景，基于现场调研结果，借助微震监测与数值模拟相结合的方法，对含断层金属矿山的地压显现
规律进行分析。结果表明，在构造应力和自重应力双重作用下，采空区附近断层对空区围岩稳定性
有显著影响。断层位于采空区内部时，主要表现为穿过断层巷道的局部破坏，而对上下盘巷道影响
较小；断层位于空区上盘时，随着空区面积增大或隔离矿柱宽度减小，会导致断层与空区间的矿柱应
力集中区叠加，出现大范围屈服破坏。建议对过断层的巷道局部破坏部位采取二次支护的应对措
施；对于断层与空区内的矿柱大范围屈服部位，则应尽量避开在应力集中区布设开拓和采准巷道。
该研究结果可为治理含断层矿山地压显现提供参考。
Fault is a weak link in the stability of goaf in metal mines，and it is also a difficult point in
the treatment of ground pressure.Taking Jinshandian Iron Mine as the background，based on the field inves⁃
tigation results，the law of ground pressure appearance in fault-bearing metal mines is analyzed by means of
microseismic monitoring and numerical simulation.The results show that under the dual action of tectonic
stress and self-weight stress，the faults near the goaf have a significant impact on the stability of the sur⁃
rounding rock in the goaf.When the fault is located inside the goaf，it is mainly manifested as local damage
through the fault roadway，but has little effect on the upper and lower roadways.When the fault is located on
the hanging wall of the goaf，with the increase of the goaf area or the decrease of the width of the isolated pil⁃
lar，it will lead to the superposition of the fault and the pillar stress concentration area in the goaf，resulting
in a large-scale yield failure.The countermeasures of secondary support for local failure of roadway passing
through fault are put forward.For the large-scale yield of pillars in faults and goafs，the layout of develop⁃
ment and preparation roadways in stress concentration areas should be avoided as much as possible.The re⁃
sults of this study can provide a reference for the treatment of ground pressure in fault-containing mines.
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