多种典型铁尾矿的环境安全性研究

现代矿业 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (12): 194-.

多种典型铁尾矿的环境安全性研究

裴德健^1，2 李彪^1，2 华绍广^1，2 李香梅^1，2 李书钦^1，2

1. 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司； 2. 国家环境保护矿山固体废物处理与处置工程技术中心

出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2023-05-16
基金资助:
安徽省重点研发与开发计划项目（编号：202004g01020006）。

Study on Environmental Safety of Several Typical Iron Tailings

PEI Dejian^1，2 LI Biao^1，2 HUA Shaoguang^1，2 LI Xiangmei^1，2 LI Shuqin^1，2

1. Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co.，Ltd.; 2. National Environmental Protection Mine Solid Waste Treatment and Disposal Engineering Technology Research Center

Online:2022-12-25 Published:2023-05-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 铁尾矿是矿山采选铁矿石后排出的细粒固体废弃物，是制约矿山可持续发展的重要因素。为了强化推进铁尾矿的大宗利用，提高其资源属性价值，以不同主要化学成分将多种典型铁尾矿划分成4 类，以严于标准的硫酸硝酸法进行浸出毒性分析与腐蚀性分析，并对重金属稳定性的原因进行了XRD 分析。结果表明：浸出液重金属含量远低于标准限制，且pH 在8.34～9.08；铁尾矿的主要组分硅、铝、钙、镁主要以稳定的石英相、石灰石相、钙钠长石相和堇青石相存在，基本不受酸碱的影响。含量在0.1%以上的重金属可能稳定地以含锰（铜）堇青石相、含锰铁云母相、含铬镍斜绿泥石相、绿铜矿相、含锌锰整柱石相、黑钒矿相、铅钒氧化物等存在，佐证铁尾矿具有较高的环境安全性，为铁尾矿的大宗资源化利用提供了参考依据。

关键词: 不同类型铁尾矿, 浸出毒性, 腐蚀性, 物相组成, 环境安全性

Abstract: Iron tailings is the fine-grained solid waste discharged from the mining and separation of iron ore，which is an important factor restricting the sustainable development of mines. In order to strength⁃ en and promote the large-scale utilization of iron tailings and improve its resource attribute value，a variety of typical iron tailings are divided into four categories based on different main chemical composition，leach⁃ ing toxicity analysis and corrosion analysis were carried out by sulfuric acid and nitric acid method which is stricter than the standard，and XRD analysis was carried out on the reasons for the stability of heavy met⁃ als. The results showed that the content of heavy metals in the leaching solution was much lower than the standard limit，and the pH was between 8.34 and 9.08. The main components of the iron tailings are sili⁃ con，aluminum，calcium and magnesium，which mainly exist in stable quartz，limestone，calcium albite and cordierite，and are basically not affected by acid and alkali. The heavy metals with a content of more than 0.1% may stably exist in cordierite (manganese/copper)，annite (manganoan)，clinochlore (chromium and nickel)，dioptase，milarite zincian，melanovanadite，lead vanadium oxide，etc.，which proves that iron tailings have high environmental safety and provides a reference for the large-scale resource utilization of iron tailings.

Key words: different types of iron tailings, leaching toxicity, corrosive, phase composition, environmen? tal safety

裴德健, 李彪, 华绍广, 李香梅, 李书钦. 多种典型铁尾矿的环境安全性研究[J]. 现代矿业, 2022, 38(12): 194-.

PEI Dejian, LI Biao, HUA Shaoguang, LI Xiangmei, LI Shuqin. Study on Environmental Safety of Several Typical Iron Tailings[J]. Modern Mining, 2022, 38(12): 194-.

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