Abstract: In order to rationally develop and utilize a refractory iron ore in China，the chemical com⁃ position，mineral content，structure and distribution characteristics of the process minerals were studied in detail by means of multi-element analysis，iron phase analysis and microscope identification. The results show that the main useful iron minerals are magnetite and a small amount of hematite and the main gangue minerals are carbonate，feldspar，quartz and clay. The ore and rock mainly have laminar structure，mas⁃ sive structure and disseminated structure，and the main structures are granular structure，strip structure， porphyritic structure，scale structure，veined structure and disseminated structure. There are many fine iron minerals in clay and chloritic，and the symbiotic relationship is close. There are iron minerals magne⁃ tite and hematite（brown）iron，which are very fine grained and difficult to be liberated in the ore.

Key words: refractory iron ore, magnetite, process mineralogy , distribution characteristics