Abstract: The situation of dust control in open-pit mines in China is still grim. This paper expounds the research status and development trend of chaos and fractals，discusses the progress of chaotic fractal theory in the application of mine dust，and finally discusses the use of chaotic fractal theory to establish dust fractal diffusion equation and construct open-pit mine three-dimensional space model. Dust particles have good fractal characteristics，and their distribution can be described by fractal dimension，so as to ob⁃ tain the distribution characteristics and diffusion law of dust in open-pit mine operation，which can provide theoretical and technical support for dust prevention and reduction in open-pit mine.

Key words: chaos and fractal theory, open-pit mine dust, applied research, diffusion law