Abstract: Studying the distribution and pollution of heavy metals in the soil of dump in abandoned mining areas can provide scientific basis for pollution control and ecological restoration.Via measuring 5 heavy mental elements，such as Cr，Cd，Pb，Hg and As in abandoned mining areas of Northern Guangdong，the pollution condition of dump weathering soil were analyzed and evaluated by geoaccumulation index and potential ecological risk index.Results show that the relationships between AsCr and AsCd were positive correlation，and the positive correlation relationships were found among the organic matter and Hg，As，Cr，Pb with significant difference in statistics.In terms of geoaccumulation index，Cd reached moderate pollution level，Hg appeared no pollution，Cr and Pb were heavy pollution level.The order of pollution level among the elements was Cr>Pb>As>Cd>Hg.In terms of potential ecological risk index，Pb reached most severe potential ecological risk level，Cd appeared the more serious level，Hg，Cr and As were in lower ecological risk level in every research area.The potential ecological risk index followed the order of Pb>Cd>As>Hg>Cr.The analysis and evaluation results of the soil pollution were consistent using two indexes.The main heavy metal pollutant in the research areas was Pb，which made the most severe pollution on environment.Therefore，the prevention and control of Pb pollution should be strengthened in the mining area.

Key words: Dump, Heavy Metal, Pollution Distribution, Geoaccumulation Index, Potential Ecological Risk Index