Abstract: A low-grade copper-lead-zinc polymetallic ore in Inner Mongolia contains 0.08% copper， 2.20% lead，and 2.40% zinc. To address technical challenges such as the low copper-to-lead ratio in cop⁃ per-lead mixed concentrate，ultrafine particle size，significant interference from residual reagents in full re⁃ cycled water production，and unstable performance of single flotation processes，a new type of ultrafine parti⁃ cle gravity separator has been developed. Through pre-concentration with this new gravity separator，effi⁃ cient separation of copper and lead minerals can be achieved. A qualified lead concentrate containing 68.21% lead and 0.28% copper is obtained in advance，thereby improving the copper-to-lead ratio of the feed for subsequent flotation. Compared to ore slime shaking tables and spiral chutes，the new gravity sepa⁃ rator offers higher separation precision，with a copper loss rate of only 10.62% in the lead concentrate. When comparing the combined high-gradient magnetic separation-flotation process，the combined gravity separa⁃ tion-flotation process，and the single flotation process，the copper recovery rate in the copper concentrate obtained from the combined gravity separation-flotation process is significantly higher. Industrial applica⁃ tion results of the new ultrafine particle gravity separation-flotation combined process show that the new technology increases the copper concentrate grade from 18.27% in the original process to 25.45%，reduces the loss rate of lead in the copper concentrate by 1.62 percentage points，and lowers reagent costs by 54%.This achieves deep separation of copper and lead while steadily improving production indicators，providing
an effective technical solution for the beneficiation of similar ores in arid and water-deficient regions.

Key words: a new type of ultrafine particle gravity separator, separation of copper and lead, lead sup? pression and copper float