Abstract: In 2021，the National Natural Resources Supervision Agency carried out mineral resources supervision for key provinces within its jurisdiction for the first time. In this paper，the relevant inspection process and method path are established for the three key contents of the approval and registration of mining rights and the comprehensive promotion of competitive assignment，the order of development and utilization of mineral resources，and the implementation of ecological restoration of abandoned open-pit mines.At the same time，on the basis of provincial research and judgment，key cities were selected for on-site inspection to test and improve the method path，and put forward relevant suggestions on the technical difficulties. This study can provide reference for mineral resources supervision in other cities.

Key words: mineral resources supervision, natural resources, illegal mining