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现代矿业 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (03): 200-202.
顶板事故在非煤地下矿山事故中占比最多，顶板管理是非煤地下矿山安全管理的重点 和难点。统计分析龙岩市2008—2023年共15 a的顶板事故情况，总结非煤矿山顶板事故的特点。研 究得出，矿井爆破工艺技术水平低及在大暴露空间下进行作业是顶板事故原因。提出改善措施，将 中深孔爆破分段崩落采矿法代替空场法，但受到矿石价格影响，该方法成本高，当前可行性低；通过 推广应用凿岩台车、撬毛台车等机械工具，严格控制井下采掘作业空间宽度和高度等措施，加强顶板 管理，努力实现顶板零事故。
Roof accidents account for the largest proportion of accidents in non-coal underground mines. Roof management is the key and difficult point of safety management in non-coal underground mines. A total of 15 years of roof accidents in Longyan City from 2008 to 2023 are analyzed，and the characteristics of non-coal hilltop slab accidents are summarized. It is concluded that the low level of mine blasting technol⁃ ogy and the operation under large exposed space are the causes of roof accidents. The improvement measures are proposed，and the mid-deep hole blasting sublevel caving mining method is replaced by the open pit method. However，due to the influence of ore price，this method has high cost and low feasibility at present. Through the popularization and application of mechanical tools such as drilling rig，skid rig and so on，the measures of strictly controlling the space width and height of underground mining operation are to strengthen the roof management and strive to achieve zero roof accidents.
摘要： 顶板事故在非煤地下矿山事故中占比最多，顶板管理是非煤地下矿山安全管理的重点 和难点。统计分析龙岩市2008—2023年共15 a的顶板事故情况，总结非煤矿山顶板事故的特点。研 究得出，矿井爆破工艺技术水平低及在大暴露空间下进行作业是顶板事故原因。提出改善措施，将 中深孔爆破分段崩落采矿法代替空场法，但受到矿石价格影响，该方法成本高，当前可行性低；通过 推广应用凿岩台车、撬毛台车等机械工具，严格控制井下采掘作业空间宽度和高度等措施，加强顶板 管理，努力实现顶板零事故。
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