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现代矿业 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (03): 71-75.
降低爆破振动危害是爆破安全中广泛关注的重要课题，研究减震沟的降振机理对指导 爆破工程安全具有一定理论价值。以混凝土为振动传播介质，固定埋深的炸药爆炸后，测试有无减 震沟条件下不同距离爆破振动参数。通过波形分析其传播衰减过程，利用MATLAB工具包对爆破振 动波进行时频分析。结果表明：随着距爆心水平距离的增加，切向、径向、垂向峰值振动速度均逐渐 减小，且符合萨道夫斯基公式的指数式衰减；减震沟过滤了爆破振动的低频成分，有效地阻隔爆破振 动产生的P波，显著降低爆破振动的能量强度，控制爆破振动危害。
Reducing blasting vibration hazard is an important topic in blasting safety. Studying the vi⁃ bration reduction mechanism of shock absorption ditch has certain theoretical value for guiding the safety of blasting engineering. Taking concrete as the vibration propagation medium，the blasting vibration parame⁃ ters of different distance with or without damping trenches were tested after detonation of explosives with fixed burial depth. The propagation attenuation process was analyzed through waveform analysis，and the time-frequency analysis of blasting vibration wave was carried out by using MATLAB tool kit. The results show that with the increase of the horizontal distance of detonation center，the peak vibration velocity in tan⁃ gential，radial and vertical directions decreases gradually，which accords with the exponential attenuation of Sadovsky's formula. The damping ditch filters the low-frequency components of blasting vibration，effective⁃ ly blocks the P wave generated by blasting vibration，and significantly reduces the energy intensity of blast⁃ ing vibration，and controls the blasting vibration hazards.
摘要： 降低爆破振动危害是爆破安全中广泛关注的重要课题，研究减震沟的降振机理对指导 爆破工程安全具有一定理论价值。以混凝土为振动传播介质，固定埋深的炸药爆炸后，测试有无减 震沟条件下不同距离爆破振动参数。通过波形分析其传播衰减过程，利用MATLAB工具包对爆破振 动波进行时频分析。结果表明：随着距爆心水平距离的增加，切向、径向、垂向峰值振动速度均逐渐 减小，且符合萨道夫斯基公式的指数式衰减；减震沟过滤了爆破振动的低频成分，有效地阻隔爆破振 动产生的P波，显著降低爆破振动的能量强度，控制爆破振动危害。
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