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现代矿业 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (03): 7-12.
在矿山露天开采过程中，边坡失稳易造成人员伤亡和财产损失。通过分析露天矿山边
坡不同灾害类型，得出边坡稳定性主要受矿体成因和赋存条件、岩体性质、区域应力场、地下水和爆
破振动等因素的影响。研究地下水渗流场—应力场耦合、极限平衡法、临界滑动场、数值模拟、可靠
性分析等边坡稳定性分析方法，进一步阐述边坡疏排水、削坡减载、锚杆（索）支护、爆破减震等，并根
据现有的边坡灾害研究，提出加强边坡监测及预警技术的稳控工作优化对策。边坡治理应提升边坡
稳控技术灾害防治的处理能力，加强生态可持续发展。
In the process of open-pit mining，the slope instability is easy to cause casualties and prop⁃
erty losses. Through the analysis of different disaster types of open-pit mine slope，it is concluded that the
slope stability is mainly affected by the causes and occurrence conditions of orebody，rock mass properties，
regional stress field，groundwater and blasting vibration. Slope stability analysis methods such as groundwa⁃
ter seepage field-stress coupling，limit equilibrium method，critical sliding field，numerical simulation and
reliability analysis are studied，and slope stability control technologies including slope drainage，slope cut⁃
ting and load reduction，anchor (cable) support and blasting shock absorption are further elaborated. The op⁃
timization countermeasures of stability control by strengthening slope monitoring and early warning technolo⁃
gy are put forward. Slope treatment should enhance the ability of disaster prevention and control，strengthen
the ecological sustainable development.
摘要： 在矿山露天开采过程中，边坡失稳易造成人员伤亡和财产损失。通过分析露天矿山边 坡不同灾害类型，得出边坡稳定性主要受矿体成因和赋存条件、岩体性质、区域应力场、地下水和爆 破振动等因素的影响。研究地下水渗流场—应力场耦合、极限平衡法、临界滑动场、数值模拟、可靠 性分析等边坡稳定性分析方法，进一步阐述边坡疏排水、削坡减载、锚杆（索）支护、爆破减震等，并根 据现有的边坡灾害研究，提出加强边坡监测及预警技术的稳控工作优化对策。边坡治理应提升边坡 稳控技术灾害防治的处理能力，加强生态可持续发展。
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