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    25 March 2023, Volume 39 Issue 3
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    Analysis and Countermeasure Study on Exploration and Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral Resources in Anhui Province
    CAO Liang, WANG Xiaoming, MA Lianxin, LUO Xiaoli, AN Yongmei
    2023, 39(3):  1-5. 
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    Mining economy is one of the important pillar industries of national economy, and non-metallic mineral resources play a pivotal role. There are many kinds and abundant mineral resources in Anhui Province. In order to understand the problems existing in the exploration, development and utilization of non-metallic mineral resources in Anhui Province, through the investigation and analysis of the development and utilization data, the problems existing in the comprehensive exploration, comprehensive evaluation, mining access standards, large and medium-sized mine structure, ore mining total control, the status quo of mining rights setting, and efficient utilization of mining for non-metallic minerals are analyzed. Some suggestions are put forward, such as strengthening comprehensive exploration and comprehensive evaluation of non-metallic mines, strictly establishing new minimum mining access for mining rights, perfecting the withdrawal mechanism of mining rights, optimizing the structure of mining industry, strengthening spatial control of planning zones, optimizing mining layout, strengthening supervision of "three rates" level, and establishing evalu⁃ ation system of development and utilization level.
    Statistical Analysis and Prevention of the Tailings Pond Quantity Accidents in China
    ZHANG Jinfeng, SONG Zhifei, GENG Wenze
    2023, 39(3):  6-9. 
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    In order to promote the better and faster development of the industrial chain of comprehensive utilization of tailings and prevent the recurrence of major accidents of tailings pond dam break 159 tailings pond accidents in China were counted，and the current situation and quantity trend of tailings pond were analyzed by mathematical statistics and literature investigation methods，and the dam break and its causes were studied.The results showed that the number of tailings ponds in our country decreased year by year，and the treatment effect of overhead storage，dangerous storage and disease storage was good. The main types of dam break accidents are tower，tunnel and other structural accidents，mine running and seepage accidents and flood accidents. Six prevention and control measures are put forward，that is paying attention to the preliminary exploration work，strengthening the safety inspection of flood discharge facilities inside and outside the reservoir，carrying out emergency drill regularly，the responsibility of the enterprise and the supervision department should be put into place，improving the tailings pond safety risk monitoring and early warning mechanism，improving the standards of tailings dam construction and pay attention to education.
    Analysis on the Application Status and Development Trend of Fiber Optic Monitoring Technology for High Slope Sliding Deformation
    SUN Shiguo, YU Lei
    2023, 39(3):  10-13. 
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    By reviewing the combination process of slope deformation and fiber optic monitoring technology，as well as the application，classification，advantages and disadvantages of existing fiber optic monitoring technology in geotechnical engineering，the advancement and importance of in the field of slope monitoring are highlighted. Through case analysis，comparative analysis and literature analysis，the existing problems of optical fiber monitoring technology are described. Through the analysis of the environment， slope stability and rock mass deformation，combined with the Internet of Things and big data，the future de velopment direction of fiber optic monitoring technology is reasonably analyzed and prospected. The results show that the optical fiber sensing technology can meet the basic requirements of slope life cycle monitoring under different conditions. Compared with the existing traditional technology，the optical fiber monitoring technology has the advantages of high sensitivity，large monitoring range and strong continuity，and has a good application prospect.
    Discussion on the Problems and Measures of Mining Right Scope Verification of Sand and Gravel Minein in Hunan
    JIN Ni, FU Qunhe, ZOU Cong, LIN Yufang
    2023, 39(3):  14-17. 
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    Checking the scope of mining rights of sand and gravel mine is a necessary work before orderly launching of sand and gravel mine. Through scientifically and reasonably delimiting the mining area， strictly controlling the mining rights and setting up access conditions，and then promoting the transformation and development of sand and gravel mining industry from the source. Based on the practice of checking the scope of mining rights of sand and gravel mines in Hunan Province，the origin of the task，process and technical requirements of the checking work are expounded. It systematically analyzes the problems existing in the work，such as insufficient degree of geological exploration work，many restricted factors in scope demarcation，ineffective connection between scope verification and follow-up links，uneven quality of verification technical personnel，relevant standards and norms to be improved，and linkage mechanism with other industrial sectors to be improved. It is suggested that the next work should strictly abide by the exploration standards，in-depth study and analysis，pay attention to the link，strengthen the technical training of personnel，improve the standards and norms，perfect the coordination mechanism and other countermeasures and suggestions，which has reference significance for further checking the scope of mining rights of sand and gravel mines.
    Mineralogical Characteristics Genetic Analysis of Colloidal Pyrite of Maweishan Pyrite Deposit in Xuancheng，Anhui Province
    BAO Lei, WANG Shaoyuan, SUN Rui
    2023, 39(3):  18-21. 
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    With the development of Maweishan pyrite deposit，it is found that pyrite ore bodies in the deposit are strictly controlled by strata，and most of them are layered-like，while there are a large number of colloidal pyrite in pyrite ore bodies. In order to determine the genesis of Maweishan pyrite deposit and the formation mechanism of colloidal pyrite，the geological characteristics of Maweishan pyrite deposit and the mineral characteristics of pyrite ore were studied，and the mineral characteristics of colloidal pyrite ore in Xinqiao pyrite deposit in Tongling were compared. It is determined that pyrite orebodies are generally developed in the strata of Huanglong and Chuanshan Formation in the upper Carboniferous system，and the banded fissures of colloidal pyrite are filled with chalcopyrite，and pyrite and sphalerite are wrapped around them. By comparing the mineral characteristics and metallogenic conditions of colloidal pyrite with those of Xinqiao pyrite in Tongling，it is speculated that the genesis of colloidal pyrite in Maweishan pyrite deposit is similar to that of Xinqiao pyrite，and it is formed by biochemical deposition. It is proved that Maweishan pyrite deposit has three metallogenic stages: primary sedimentary stage，magma-hydrothermal stage and supergene weathering stage，and colloidal pyrite was formed in the primary sedimentary stage at the early metallogenic stage.
    Geological Characteristics of Silver-Zinc Deposit in Yinfeng-Youchuan Area，Ningguo City， Anhui Province
    ZHANG Jisheng, YU Jianghua , LI Kai , TIAN Zhen
    2023, 39(3):  22-26. 
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    In order to find out the distribution，spatial morphology and grade of the lead-zinc-silver polymetallic ore bodies in the Yinfeng-Youchuan area，the geological characteristics of the study area are studied by 1∶10，000 geological mapping，drilling engineering and sampling test analysis.The results show that a small silver-zinc deposit was found in the core of the secondary anticline of Yinshanjiao. The deposit was formed in or on the side of the silicified zone，and was shallowly buried. It exists in the Yangliugang formation of the Cambrian system，which is not only the mother rock of mineralization，but also the surrounding rock of orebody. The orebody is mainly zinc arched vein-convex mirror orebody with thickness of 1 ~ 12 m. Lead-zinc-silver is the main metal，and the average grade of Pb is 0.85%，Zn 3.04% and Ag 212.16 g/t.
    Study on Geological Characteristics and Prospecting Potential of SHIRINK2 Copper Deposit in Iran
    LUO Chaoping , TANG Cheng
    2023, 39(3):  27-30. 
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    SHIRINK2 Copper is located in the south of Kerman area，Iran. It is located in the important porphyry copper metallogenic belt in Iran. The copper deposits in the metallogenic belt are closely related to volcanic eruptions，intrusive activities and faulted structures，and the metallogenic conditions are good. The main ore bodies of the three copper deposits have been found mainly in the quartz vein，siltstone， shale bedding fissure surface and altered andesite，the wall rock alteration such as qingpanitization，silicification and pyrite mineralization is closely related to copper mineralization. Combined with the regional metallogenic geological setting，geological characteristics of the mining area and related exploration results， it is found that the copper body is controlled by the northeast strike-slip fault，and the mineralization alteration zone is in the same direction as the northwest regional fault-fold zone.Through the analysis of ore facies and chemistry，it is found that the deposit belongs to porphyry copper deposit，copper mineralization is closely related to the volcanic magmatic belt in this region，and the area near the NW mineralization alteration zone and the NE fault zone is the rich mineralization area with great prospecting potential，which provides the basis for further exploration of porphyry copper deposit.
    Stability Analysis of Cemented Backfill Geofabriform Retaining Wall in Open-pit Mine
    ZENG Xuemin, WANG Daolin, LI Guiming, SUN Yifeng, NI Haitao, LUO Kai
    2023, 39(3):  31-35. 
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    When the geofabriform retaining wall is used above the closed ring of open pit to enlarge the backfill yard，the stability of the geofabriform retaining wall is directly related to the safety of cemented backfill treatment of tailings in open pit. Based on the actual working conditions of an open-pit mine，a twodimensional model of cemented backfill geofabriform retaining wall in open-pit mine was established by using Slide. The stability of two different retaining wall forms was analyzed，and the safety factors of geofabriform retaining walls in different areas were calculated under two working conditions: dead weight with or without seepage field and dead weight + earthquake. The results show that the geofabriform retaining wall can satisfy the current backfill height +808 m and the design final backfill height +840 m for the safety of tailings cementing backfill operation. Even considering the maximum rainfall runoff and backfill secretion， the safety factors of the weakest profile are 1.333~1.810 and 1.159~1.713，which both meet the limit values required by the specification.
    Geological Environment Impact Assessment of Mine in Tongling Based on AHP and Fuzzy Mathematics Comprehensive Evaluation
    ZHAO Jian , LI Zhenwu
    2023, 39(3):  36-41. 
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    As a typical mining city，Tongling relies on the exploitation of mineral resources. Over the years，mining activities have been accompanied by various types of mine geological environment problems. In order to determine the impact status of the mine geological environment in Tongling and delimit the zoning of the impact degree，the article determines the types，distribution characteristics and causes of the mine geological environment problems by sorting out the“mine geological environment survey report”and“mine geological environment protection and land reclamation plan”in Tongling.The evaluation index was determined according to the selection principle of the index，the index was standardized by quantitative and qualitative methods according to the index attributes，and the evaluation index system was constructed. Finally， the AHP hierarchical analysis and fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation were used to classify the geological environment impact of mines in Tongling City into three levels: serious area，serious area and general area. The results show that there are 8 serious (Ⅰ)，6 serious (Ⅱ) and 4 general (Ⅲ) areas affected by mine geological environment. The areas with serious impact degree of mine geological environment are mainly centered around the main mining conce，ntration area and the surrounding area of the mining area. The zoning results are basically consistent with the actual situation of mine geological environment，which can be used as the basis for the local government to delimit the zoning of mine geological environment protection and treatment.
    Rheological Characteristic of Slurries Containing Different Binding Agents
    DONG Yaning, LUAN Maoxu
    2023, 39(3):  42-46. 
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    In order to explore the influence of the type and content of gelling agent on the rheological properties of filling slurry of Luohe Iron Mine, Brookfield R/S plus rheometer was used to study the rheological properties of Luohe Iron Mine's unclassified tailings, unclassified tailings and cement, and unclassified tailings and cementitious powder slurry.The effects of different slurry concentrations and different binders on the slurry's rheological curve, yield stress, viscosity coefficient and resistance loss along the way were analyzed. The results show that with the increase of filling concentration, the yield stress and viscosity of unclassified tailings slurry increase continuously. The yield stress of unclassified tailings and cement and unclassified tailings and cementitious powder filling slurry increases with the increase of slurries concentration. The addition of cement and cementitious powder will increase the yield stress of the unclassified tailings slurry, but the addition of cement will reduce the viscosity of the slurry. The addition of cement and cementitious powder will increase the edge of the unclassified tailings slurry. The resistance loss along the route increases with the increase of the concentration and the optimal concentration is 66%~68%.
    Study on Point Pillar Parameters of Upward Horizontal Slicing Stoping Filling Method with Point Pillars in a Mine
    HU Zhengxiang, LI Zaili, LIN Yihui
    2023, 39(3):  47-50. 
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    The size and spacing of the reserved point pillar in the upward horizontal slicing stoping filling method with point pillars will have a great impact on the production of the mine. If the size and spacing of the reserved point pillar are too small or too large，it will lead to insufficient support for the roof， thus affecting the safety of mining. If the size or spacing of the point pillar are too big of too small，the mining loss rate will increase. In this paper，taking a mine as the engineering background，the engineering analogy method and theoretical calculation method are used to study the point pillar setting parameters of the upward horizontal slicing stoping filling method with point pillars of the mine，and the industrial test is carried out.It is finally determined that point pillars with the dimension of 4m×5m and the spacing of 16m× 12m is basically feasible in this mine.
    Research and Application of Roadway Supporting Rock Control Technology of Large Inclination "Three Soft" Coal Seam
    WANG Hui, LI Zhimin
    2023, 39(3):  51-54. 
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    Based on the analysis of the roof and floor of 202 transport gateway，the lithological characteristics of the coal seam and the stress environment characteristics of the gateway in a coal mine，combined with the support status of the mine，theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are used to improve the support of the stope roadway. Theoretical analysis shows that the vertical stress of roadway roof rock layer acts on the roadway floor through the stress transmission between rock layers，causing the floor to appear continuous floor heave，and at the same time，the separation phenomenon is easy to occur at the interface of roof rock layers. The numerical simulation results show that the range of the tensile stress zone after the excavation of the roadway is 1.8 m，and the overall deformation of the roadway is easy to occur if the selection of the support range is unreasonable. In view of the above situation，the design idea of high strength and high prestress support is proposed，and the anchor bolt length is determined to be 2.6 m. At the same time， the support improvement of anchor mesh cable+W-shaped steel strip+shotcrete is carried out for the transportation chute of the working face. The field test and monitoring results show that the coal seam working face is more stable in the high stress environment when the roadway is supported by this scheme，which can ensure the safe mining of the working face.
    Calculation of Blast Damage Depth and Optimization of Blasting Parameters in Drift Backfilled Stopes
    WANG Yuanmin, YOU Songjiang, MA Zhangyin, ZHANG Yapeng, ZHAN Baoshan, WU Weilyu, XU Wenbin
    2023, 39(3):  55-60. 
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    In the process of ore recovery with backfilling mining method，blasting has a great damage to the adjacent backfilling，causing the caving and collapse of the backfill at the side of stope，and increasing the ore dilution loss. The blasting vibration monitoring instrument is used to continuously monitor the retrieval blasting in the downward mining approach of Songxian Shanjin Mining and identify the blasting process. According to the initiation sequence，the single blasting cycle can be divided into three categories: cut blasting，auxiliary blasting and side blasting. The attenuation parameters of different blasting modes are obtained based on sodev's formula. According to back-calculation of the vibration velocity threshold of the backfill，the damage depth of the backfill caused by different blasting methods is obtained. Among them， the maximum impact of side hole blasting on the damage range of the backfill is 1.64m. Based on different blasting methods，the damage depth of adjacent filling stopes is divided，and the blasting parameters are optimized. After the optimization，the single charge is reduced by 11.9 kg，the ore bulk rate and dilution loss rate are reduced，and the economic benefits of the mine are increased.
    Study on Mechanical Properties of Stabilized Iron Tailings Mixed with Steel Slag and Slag Powder
    WU Yingjie, QIU Yu, NI Zhiwei, WU Xiaogang, ZHOU Yuxin
    2023, 39(3):  61-64. 
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    In order to explore the mechanical characteristics and curing mechanism of cement stabilized iron tailings base with mineral admixtures，the mechanical parameters and microscopic characteristics of cement-steel slag-mineral powder mixed stabilized iron tailings were obtained through macro-mechanical test，and compared with cement mixed stabilized iron tailings alone. The results show that when the cement content is 14%，the 7-day unconfined compressive strength of cement-steel slag-mineral powder mixed with stabilized iron tailings is greater than that of the sole cement mixed test group. Increasing the content of cement or mineral powder can improve the unconfined compressive strength of cement-steel slagmineral powder mixed stabilized iron tailings for 7 days，while the increase of steel slag content has an inhib⁃ itory effect. The reinforcement effect of confining pressure on cement-steel slag-mineral powder mixed with stabilized iron tailings is more palpable than that of cement stabilized iron tailings，with almost the same cohesion and larger internal friction angle.
    Research on Development Height and Distribution Pattern of Water Conducting Fracture Zone of Overlying Strata in Dahebian Coal Mine，Guizhou Province
    LI Peng
    2023, 39(3):  65-67. 
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    The mining of No. 3 coal seam in Dahebian Coal Mine causes overburden movement deformation and failure，and aquifer water seeps into 130101 working face，which not only seriously damages the ecological environment of the mining area，but also threatens the safety production of the mine.In order to protect water resources，and improve the recovery rate of coal resources，and ensure the safety of mine production，it is necessary to further study the development height and distribution pattern of water-conducting fractured zone in overlying strata. In this paper，the distribution pattern and maximum height of waterconducting fractured zone are given by applying the research method of combining traditional empirical calculation formula and numerical simulation calculation.Finally，the feasibility of the method is verified by the practical measurement method. The method has important scientific significance and application value for protecting the ecological environment of the mining area.
    Law Research and Treatment Technology of Axial Cracking of Arch of Wind-sand Section of Inclined Shaft
    GUO Zhongan, ZHANG Hailong , LU Zhonghua
    2023, 39(3):  68-72. 
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    After the axial crack of main and auxiliary inclined shaft vault was found for the first time in Zhujiamao Coal Mine，the cause analysis and the formulation，selection and demonstration of multiple plans for treatment were started.The proposed treatment schemes mainly include ground rotary jet grouting reinforcement，deep mixing pile method and soil pressure curtain grouting method behind the two sides of inclined shaft. By analyzing the stress state of the shaft，it is proposed that the main reason for the axial crack of the shaft arch and its sustainable development is the insufficient horizontal supporting reaction of the left and right side soil layers of the inclined shaft. After demonstration，it is determined that the axial crack section of the shaft arch should be treated by grouting reinforcement of the left and right side soil layers of the shaft to improve the horizontal supporting reaction of the left and right side soil layers of the arch shaft structure，which.Reduces the soil subsidence on both sides of the treatment scheme at the same time .After grouting reinforcement，the soil layer around the shaft will still have plastic deformation，but the deformation rate is very slow. Moreover，during the grouting reinforcement，the stratum is strengthened by compaction， which reduces the width of the vault crack and spinner crack to a certain extent，and strengthens the support of the shaft wall in the cracked section of the shaft，so as to alleviate the risk degree of shaft wall fracture. Up to now，the crack section of the third shaft vault of Zhujiamao Coal Mine is stable，and the crack of the shaft vault has not expanded.
    Study of Open-pit Mining Technology with the Background of Green Mining Construction
    LI Junchao
    2023, 39(3):  73-76. 
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    Traditional open-pit mining has brought a series of environmental problems，geological hazard problems and enterprise-locality harmony problems.Under the background of green mine construction，the concept of green mine open-pit mining is put forward in order to solve the problems existing in the open-pit mine. The mining technology is optimized，and mining thought of multi-boundary mining，final sublevel mining，stripping and internal drainage mining，controlled blasting，advancing direction，covering soil and greening are proposed. Using the actual production mine as an example，for the possible slope problems after optimization，slope stability is analyzed by Slide software，the slope maintains overall stability. Optimized mining technology accords with green mining construction requirements，and it can solve the surrounding environmental problems that restrict the development of enterprises. The overall benefit of the mine is good，which is of great significance to the development and survival of mining enterprises.
    Application of KQG DTH Drilling Rig in Deep Hole Construction in Qijiaojing Iron Mine
    XU Wenbo
    2023, 39(3):  77-80. 
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    Artificial shaft sinking has problems such as high construction risk，slow construction progress and poor construction effect.In order to adapt to the concept of mine safety development and improve the safety and efficiency of the mine building construction patio，the mechanical construction cut patio replaces the artificial shaft sinking.Based on the existing construction technology of Qijiaojing Iron Mine，the existing problems in rock drilling and well formation of the mine is analyzed.It is proposed to use KQG DHT drilling for rock drilling construction，and design the parameters of KQG DHT drilling for rock drilling and blasting. By organizing KQG DHT drilling to carry out rock drilling and blasting with large hole down to medium and deep hole，good well formation and groove blasting effect has been achieved.It is a general trend to use mechanical construction to cut the patio instead of manual drilling on this surface. It also proves that by optimizing the construction technology，the formation of reserve mining can be accelerated，and conditions can be created for mine safety and continuous recovery of ore. It can be applied and popularized in the same type mine.
    Research on Failure Process and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Limestone under Uniaxial Compression and Numerical Simulation
    CHEN Zehui, LI Wanjun, LIU Changwu, ZHOU Xianliang
    2023, 39(3):  81-84. 
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    With the increase of mining depth and strength of coal seam，the compressive deformation and failure characteristics of the roof and floor strata of coal seam and coal pillar become an important factor in determining the safety of underground construction personnel. In order to study the failure characteristics of specific coal strata under compression，this paper takes the Daqing limestone roof at 1195 working face of Gequan Mine as the research object and adopts the comprehensive research methods of laboratory test，numerical simulation and acoustic emission to study the failure process and acoustic emission characteristics of Daqing limestone under uniaxial compression. The experimental results show that the rock failure process can be divided into elastic stage，yield stage and post-peak stage，and the residual strength of rock is 40% of the peak strength. The numerical simulation results show that the model presents an inverted V-shaped fracture starting from the top，and the calculated results of RFPA2D software are basically consistent with the experimental results. The acoustic emission characteristic results show that when the model fails，the number and energy of acoustic emission increase dramatically，and it mainly appears at the failure unit. In other words，acoustic emission can effectively predict the fracture location and process of the rock.
    Large Block Genesis and Control Method of Mid-deep Hole Caving in Heishan Iron Mine
    GAO Zhan
    2023, 39(3):  85-88. 
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    In order to solve the problems of high ore loss and dilution and low recovery rate caused by high yield of large block in the middle and deep hole in Heishan Iron Mine，the main causes of large block in the mine are studied by combining field investigation and grey correlation analysis. The high yield of bulk is mainly caused by four factors: ① The single consumption of explosive is small and there is a series of initiation in the process of detonation. ② The original caved bulk ore can not be effectively crushed and blocked the ore outlet. ③ The forming quality of medium-deep hole is low. ④ Large rocks of overburden were mixed into caved ore heap in advance. Based on this，a series of bulk control methods were proposed to optimize the single consumption and minimum resistance line of explosives，refine ore extraction in zoning sections and strengthen the quality management of medium and deep hole formation. Through the field test，the underground bulk rate is reduced by 4%.The recovery rate is increased by 1.32%，and the qualified rate of medium-deep hole is increased by 5%，which realizes the effective control of the medium-deep hole falling large block in Heishan Iron Mine，and can provide technical guidance and reference for the production mines under similar conditions.
    Study on Low Dilution Loss Mining Scheme of Pillarless Sublevel Caving in an Iron Mine
    MAO Ruikun , LIU Qianqian , LING Jiahong, YANG Zilong
    2023, 39(3):  89-91. 
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    Combined with the mining technical conditions of an iron mine，the problems arising from the application of the conventional pillarless sublevel caving method were firstly analyzed，and on this basis， the optimization research and improvement of the mining scheme were carried out. According to the thickness of the ore body，the strike arrangement of the vertical ore body in the stoping road is adjusted to the strike arrangement along the ore body to ensure that the footwall ore body is fully recovered.For the medium thick ore body，the stope structure is improved according to the results of the drawing simulation experiment，and the location and side hole angle of the ore drawing roadway are determined reasonably.The ANSYS numerical model is established to study the mechanism of caving surrounding rock through goad excavation. Reasonable arrangement of tunneling time and sequence can achieve pressure mining and reduce the stress of roadway surrounding rock.By taking these measures，the loss and dilution index of mining can be reduced，and the purpose of production protection，efficiency improvement and safe mining can be achieved.
    Simulation Study on Optimization of Blasting Hole Pattern Parameters in Zijinshan Gold and Copper Mine
    XIA Heping
    2023, 39(3):  92-96. 
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    Bench blasting is an important link in open pit mining. Its blasting effect directly affects the efficiency of subsequent shovel loading and transportation. Blasting design, rock properties, geological structure and other factors have a great impact on the blasting effect. In order to reduce the root and large blocks and improve the blasting effect, the optimization simulation study of blasting parameters is carried out based on the No. 9 pass lowering project in Zijingshan Gold and Copper Mine. The mechanical parameters of the rock were determined through experiments. Three groups of blasting models with different hole mesh parameters were established through LS-DYNA software. The stress nephogram of the initiation process was observed and the stress response of the blasted rock was analyzed. It was concluded that the peak tensile stress of the rock in the crack zone was the dominant role in its fragmentation. Then combined with the rock fragmentation theory, the peak tensile stress of the blasted rock under different hole network parameters is analyzed one by one, and compared with the dynamic tensile strength of the rock to judge its fragmentation effect, and the optimal hole network parameters are obtained. Through numerical simulation optimization and field test, the blasting effect has been significantly improved, and the efficiency of shovel loading and transportation has also been greatly improved. This model can provide a reference for the optimization of hole network parameters in similar blasting projects.
    Research on New Treatment Technology of ;eachate in General Industrial Solid Waste lLandfill (Class II)
    Tian Huwei, Yang Qiangsheng, Ou Mingjiang
    2023, 39(3):  97-100. 
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    General industrial solid waste leachate has high heavy metals，and the type and concentration of leachate factors accompanying with different types of solid wastes will change. Generally，heavy metal factors can be removed by adding chemicals，but the types and concentrations of leachate pollution factors will change，which not only greatly increases the difficulty of treatment，but also inhibits the effect of activated sludge on ammonia nitrogen removal. In response to this technical problem，a new treatment process called biological filter tower（modified nanomaterials）is adopted. Taking the solid waste leachate of Ma'anshan Jieyuan Environmental Protection Co.，Ltd. as the object，laboratory tests and on-site pilot tests show that the new treatment process called biological filter tower（modified nanomaterials）can effectively solve the general industrial solid waste（Ⅱ The problem of treatment difficulty caused by the constant changes in the composition and concentration of leachate pollution factors，and at the same time，it can remave ammonia nitrogen in the leachate，and achieve the effect of up-to-standard reuse.
    Comparison and Analysis of Mechanical Parameters of Slope Rock Mass in an Open-pit Mine
    HU Sihan, CHEN Guoqiang, GUO Jikui, YU Shunfu, WU Wei
    2023, 39(3):  101-104. 
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    The correct selection of rock mass mechanical parameters is the key and basis for slope stability calculation，which directly affects the accuracy of stability calculation results. Taking an open-pit mine as the research object，on the basis of indoor rock mechanics test data，empirical reduction method， Fisinke method，M Georgi method and Hoek-Brown method are used to obtain rock mechanics parameters and carry out comparative analysis.The research shows that the mechanical parameters of rock mass obtained by using empirical reduction method alone for an open-pit mine are inconsistent with the actual situation. Combined with the practical experience of engineering，the calculation results of the four methods are comprehensively averaged to obtain the mechanical parameters of rock mass suitable for this open-pit mine，which provides reliable calculation parameters for further slope stability analysis.
    Experimental Study on Preparation of Forsterite Refractories from High-quality Iron Tailings
    WANG Su, CAO Yueming, ZHANG Kaixi, GE Yangyang, LIN Yao
    2023, 39(3):  105-107. 
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    There are a large number of low-silicon iron tailings in Hebei Province. In order to explore the high value-added comprehensive utilization method of iron tailings，a high-magnesium low-silicon iron tailings mixed with a small amount of magnesite in Hebei Province was used as raw material to prepare lightweight forsterite refractory aggregate by high-temperature sintering. The experiment mainly discussed the influence of the ratio of iron tailings to magnesite，heating rate and maximum sintering temperature on the performance of the sample. The test results show that when the ratio of iron tailings to magnesite is 74∶26，the heating rate is 3 ℃/min，and the maximum sintering temperature is 1 300 ℃，the lightweight forsterite refractory aggregate with bulk density of 1.28 g/cm3，cylinder compressive strength of 6.0 MPa and thermal conductivity of 0.425 W（/ m·K）can be obtained.
    Beneficiation Experimental Study on Efficient Recovery of Luohe High Sulfur Iron Ore
    DING Kaizhen, HE Xiaowen, ZHAO Keke , CHENG Jun , LU Tianci
    2023, 39(3):  108-112. 
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    In order to verify the adaptability of high-sulfur ore to the existing beneficiation process， Luohe Iron Mine conducted experimental research on high-sulfur ore. The test results show that the sulfur concentrate with yield of 12.60%，Es grade of 41.21% and Es recovery of 88.27% and the iron concentrate with yield of 31.13%，TFe grade of 68.30% and iron recovery of 98.18% can be obtained by one roughing， two cleaning and three scavenging flotation，and magnetic separation with the existing production process. The sulfur concentrate with yield of 11.95%，Es grade of 41.68% and Es recovery of 84.56% and the iron concentrate with yield of 31.58%，TFe grade of 68.28% and iron recovery of 98.32% can be obtained by applying the current production flotation process verification test. The effective sulfur recovery rate is higher by using one roughing，two cleaning and three scavenging process，indicating that increasing the number of scavenging can improve the effective sulfur recovery rate. Qualified sulfur concentrate and iron concentrate products can be obtained by both processes，and high-sulfur ore has good adaptability to the current production beneficiation process.
    Present Situation and Prospect of Magnetic Separation Process Automation
    XU Haiyang, WANG Ziyang, HAN Cheng, HOU Ying
    2023, 39(3):  113-115. 
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    In order to improve the automation level of the concentrator，the magnetic separation process was investigated for the low level of the magnetic separation control system of the concentrator，and many factors affecting the grade of concentrate and tailings were studied. The results show that the magnetic separation process has many influencing factors，the process is complex，there are many uncontrollable factors，and there are some problems of lagging operation parameter information. Different types of magnetic separators have different adjustment methods，so it is necessary to design a specific adjustment scheme in automatic control. The lack of sensors and operating systems also affects the quality and efficiency of beneficiation. The automation of magnetic separation process should also be fully integrated into new research to promote the development and application of automation in concentrators and improve the economic benefits of concentrators.
    Research and Application of Beneficiation Wastewater Treatment Technology in Baiyun Obo Mine
    LIU Wenli, DU Wenxiu, CHEN Hongchao, ZENG Yongjie, ZOU Dongxue, PENG Haiping, ZHANG Zhichao, MA Zhihui, LIU Bei
    2023, 39(3):  116-121. 
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    The grinding fineness of the comprehensive utilization production line of Bayan Obo oxidized ore resources reaches −0.025 mm75%. The comprehensive recovery of polymetallic ore in the stage leads to a large amount of flotation reagent residues in the beneficiation wastewater. In order to improve the water quality of the wastewater，in view of the high content of suspended solids in the beneficiation wastewater，the dosing method of polyferric sulfate 0.175 mg/L-polyacrylamide 0.054 mg/L was adopted. After each step of stirring for 10 s，the content of suspended solids in the water was reduced from 90 000 mg/L to below 200 mg/L，and the water quality was improved，which promoted the smooth operation of the whole process. After clarification，the water quality can reduce the iron flotation collector by 22.7%，the fluorite flotation collector by 13.26%，the inhibitor by 27.14%，the dosage of sodium silicate and sulfuric acid by 115.81%， while maintaining the stability of the index.
    Experimental Study on Desulphurization of Iron Concentrate from a Concentrator in Inner Mongolia
    WANG Liming, BAI Chunxia , SUI Yueting , LI Hongjing , LIU Tao , SONG Zhuohan
    2023, 39(3):  122-125. 
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    The iron concentrate produced by an iron ore dressing plant in Inner Mongolia contains high sulfur，and the sulfur minerals mainly exist in the form of pyrrhotite. Because of its fine disseminated particle size，it is difficult to remove it through the existing process of the dressing plant. In order to effectively reduce the sulfur content in the iron concentrate and improve the quality of the product，the grinding flotation process was developed by studying the process mineralogy with the iron concentrate produced by the concentrator as the raw material. The test results show that under the optimum process conditions，iron concentrate with total iron grade of 67.70%，iron recovery of 94.97% and sulfur content of 0.26% and sulfur concentrate with sulfur grade of 28.85% and sulfur recovery of 88.69% can be obtained，which provides a technical basis for sulfur reduction of iron concentrate in the concentrator.
    Research on Influencing Factors in Two-stage Roasting Cyanidation Gold Extraction Process in a Smelter in Shandong Province
    WANG Jie , YANG Peng, ZHAO Na , SUN Meifen , ZHOU Yuanhao
    2023, 39(3):  126-129. 
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    In order to further improve the leaching rate of gold and enhance the economic benefits of enterprises，aiming at the problems of the leaching rate reducing of gold after gold concentrate blending in a smelter，a systematic process mineralogy study was carried out，and the factors affecting the cyanide leaching of gold concentrate were discussed. The results show that the main factors affecting the gold leaching rate in the production site are the insufficient disintegration of the materials in the mixing section of the twostage roasting system and the existence of agglomerated sulfide pseudo-particles. Illite in gold concentrate is one of the gold-bearing minerals. In the roasting process，the dehydroxylation reaction，structural damage， phase transformation and binding effect on the gold contained in illite are the secondary factors affecting the gold leaching rate index in the production site.
    Tailings Discarding Test of ore High Pressure Roller Grinding Products in Beishan Part of Nanfen Concentrator
    XIAO Qifei , LI Genghui
    2023, 39(3):  130-132. 
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    In order to understand the tailings discarding effect of high pressure roller grinding products in Beishan part ore of Nanfen Concentrator，-3 mm，-5 mm dry tailings discarding test and -3 mm wet tailings discarding test were carried out on the basis of process mineralogy research. The comparative test results of dry and wet tailings discarding show that under the condition of magnetic field intensity of 240 kA/m，the concentrate yield，TFe content，mFe content，TFe recovery rate and mFe recovery rate of-3 mm wet tailings discarding of high pressure roller grinding products are 87.24%，36.21%，24.37%，95.13% and 99.74%， respectively. The tailings yield，TFe content，mFe content，TFe recovery rate and mFe recovery rate are 12.76%，12.69%，0.43%，4.87% and 0.26%，respectively. The wet tailings discarding method has high tailings discarding efficiency and easy control of subsequent production.
    Flotation Experiment Recovery of Lead and Gold from a Tailings in Shaanxi
    QI Zhongxu, HAN Yuanyan, ZHOU Hao , ZHAI Xudong , CHEN Qiaomei
    2023, 39(3):  133-135. 
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    In order to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of a tailings resource in Shaanxi and promote the sustainable development of the mine, flotation exploration experiments were carried out on the basis of process mineralogy research. The test results show that under the condition of grinding fineness of - 0.074 mm 77.41%, sodium sulfide as activator, 25# aerofloat and butyl xanthate as combined collector, the lead concentrate with lead grade of 51.24%, gold grade of 23.58 g/t, silver grade of 173.03 g/t, lead recovery rate of 74.31%, gold recovery rate of 69.96% and silver recovery rate of 35.85% was obtained by one roughing three cleaning two scavenging closed circuit process. The efficient recovery of valuable metals such as lead, gold and silver in the tailings was realized, and the waste of secondary resources was avoided.
    Optimization of Thickening and Tail Transport Process for ϕ63 m Thickener in Aoshan Concentrator
    YANG Fei, LI Zhongwen , HU Foming
    2023, 39(3):  136-139. 
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    In order to reduce cost and increase efficiency，aiming at the problems of poor circulating water quality，high cost of tailings fluid transportation，complex process and old equipment，the original six ϕ50 m peripheral transmission thickeners were changed to one HRT ϕ63 m high efficiency thickener，and the new flocculant PAM（A456 L）was selected for tailings flocculation test. By reducing the amount of flocculant dry tail to 20.13 g/t，the underflow concentration of thickener is increased to more than 40%，which greatly shortens the process flow and reduces the number of equipment，significantly improves the quality of circulating water，saves 7.59 million t/a of clean water，reduces the energy consumption of tailings and circulating water transportation，improves the automation level，realizes the unattended concentration system， optimizes the personnel structure of the concentrator，and has remarkable economic benefits.
    Optimization and Improvement of Water System for Mineral Processing in Zhangzhuang Mine
    ZHANG Xiaowei , PAN Meng, FENG Zhaoyi , LI Yang
    2023, 39(3):  140-142. 
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    In order to solve a series of problems such as the increase of water consumption in water system，the excessive load of concentrated large wells and the overflow of concentrated large wells caused by intelligent construction，the optimization and improvement of mineral processing water system were carried out in Zhangzhuang Mine of Masteel Mining Industry. By optimizing the process pipeline to strengthen the internal recycling and introducing the overflow water of the concentrated large well into the adjacent supplement point in advance，the overflow water phenomenon of the concentrated large well is solved，the liquid level of the concentrated large well is stabilized，and the subsequent process index is not affected. The optimization effect and economic benefit are remarkable.
    Study on Optimization of Energy Saving and Consumption Reduction of the Dispersion Screening System in Zhangzhuang Mine Concentrator
    LI Baojian, ZHANG Xiaowei , WANG Qi, PAN Meng
    2023, 39(3):  143-145. 
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    In order to better practice the concept of green and low-carbon development of China Baowu Group，Anhui Masteel Zhangzhuang Mine Concentrator has carried out research on energy saving and consumption reduction optimization of the scattered screening system. Aiming at how to reduce the energy consumption of the production process，an experimental study on the use of chute feeding instead of cylinder disperser under current conditions was carried out. The research results show that after using the chute to replace the original wet cylinder disperser，the screening efficiency is still in a stable state as a whole. After changing the feeding mode of the linear vibrating screen，it has no effect on the subsequent screening process. The concept of efficiency and green development has been implemented，and the results carbon emission reduction and economic benefits are remarkable.
    Experiment and Simulation of Swirl Separation Technology for Narrow-grained separated Difficultly Materials
    JIANG Chengyang , WANG Lei , JI Ankun, CHU Fudong
    2023, 39(3):  146-148. 
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    In order to optimize and upgrade the existing cyclone classification equipment and improve the classification effect of narrow-grained separated difficultly materials，aiming at the problem of low classification efficiency of traditional cyclone classification equipment for narrow-grained materials，the swirler port ratio，cone angle，diameter and cone combination were studied by means of numerical simulation test. It is found that the key to improve the classification accuracy of narrow-grained materials is to reduce the probability of medium and fine-grained particles entering the sand. By reducing the diameter of the sand outlet within a reasonable range，increasing the inner diameter of the cyclone，increasing the angle of the cyclone cone，and adopting the combination of the cone and the flat bottom，the efficiency of the cyclone for narrow-grained classification can be improved.
    Mineralogical and Spectral Characterization of Emerald from Malipo，Yunnan Province
    ZHAO Xurui, SHA Xin, YIN Yue, ZHAO Hongying, ZHANG Shanshuo, XIE Aixiang
    2023, 39(3):  149-153. 
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    Malipo emerald deposit occurs in Laojunshan metamorphic core complex. It is the most economically valuable emerald deposit in China. In order to study the mineralogical characteristics of emeralds produced in this deposit，electron probe，infrared spectrum and Raman spectrum were used to analyze the mineral chemical composition and spectral characteristics. The results show that the main components of Malipo emerald are SiO2，Al2O3 and BeO.The results showed that the main components of emeralds from Malipo were SiO2，Al2O3 and BeO，and the contents of V2O5 were high，while the contents of Cr2O3，K2O and Na2O were low. The main absorption peaks of infrared spectrum are located at 1 167，1050，991，844，773， 710，614，567，504，and 480 cm-1. Their infrared spectral characteristics are basically consistent with Australian Menzies emeralds，but they are different from Zambian and Xinjiang. The Raman spectrum peaks of emeralds from the four localities have the same general trend，and show the Raman spectrum characteristics of beryl. However，there are many differences between them，which may be the macroscopic manifestation of metallogenic environment differences，and can be used as the basis for identification of origin.
    Experimental Study on Recovery of Zinc from High Sulfur Cyanide Tailings in Colombia
    SHEN Weiwei, LIU Peng, ZHAO Junsheng, WANG Heming
    2023, 39(3):  154-157. 
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    A cyanidation tailings in Colombia contains 50.52% sulfur，1.62% zinc，0.79 g/t gold and 16.1 g/t silver. If it is directly discarded，it will cause waste of metal resources.In order to recover zinc from cyanide tailings，a pretreatment-flotation process was adopted. The pulp was pretreated by Inco method. The concentration of cyanide ion in the pulp was reduced from 0.35 g/L to less than 0.005 g/L，which reduced the influence of cyanide ion on subsequent zinc flotation. After pretreatment of cyanide tailings，under the condition of one roughing，one cleaning and one scavenging for zinc separation，the zinc concentrate containing zinc 40.06%，gold 3.73 g/t，silver 176.90 g/t，zinc recovery 93.42%，gold recovery 3.03% and silver recovery 28.00% was obtained. The comprehensive recovery of valuable metals in cyanide tailings was realized.
    Comparative Experimental Study on Flotation Process of a MicroFine Spodumene
    CHEN Shaoxue
    2023, 39(3):  158-161. 
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    The mineral composition of a granite pegmatite spodumene ore is complex and the embedded particle size is fine. In order to find a reasonable beneficiation process，two different beneficiation processes were carried out on the ore. The separation index of lithium concentrate with Li2O grade of 5.64% and lithium metal recovery of 78.10% was obtained by the test. It is concluded that the preferential removal of slime and mica is very beneficial to improve the subsequent spodumene flotation index. For the ore，the stage grinding-rough concentrate regrinding-concentration process is superior to the continuous grindingdesliming- flotation process both in terms of separation index and process structure.
    Discussion on New Mineral Processing Operation Configuration of Complex Refractory Sulfide-Oxide Mixed Copper-Cobalt Ore in Central Africa
    SHEN Louyan, ZHANG Fan, TANG Guobiao, LI Sheng, LI Songjiang, LIN Yang
    2023, 39(3):  162-164. 
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    In order to efficiently utilize the huge amount of complex and difficult-to-treat mixed copper-cobalt sulfide-oxygen ore in Central Afica copper-cobalt metallogenic belt，aiming at the problem of the decrease of mixed flotation recovery rate caused by the violent fluctuation of oxidation rate，the traditional beneficiation process configuration of flotation sulfide ore and oxide ore was innovated. By using flotation machine to replace the original stirring tank + slurry pipeline optimization adjustment and other measures， the total flotation volume is adjusted accordingly based on the change of ore oxidation rate，so as to adjust the flotation time necessary for flotation sulfide ore and oxidized ore，so as to ensure the stable high recovery rate of copper and cobalt.
    Design and Production Practice of Sulfur Reduction Process in Flotation Tailings of a Copper Mine
    YANG Bin, WEI Xinxin, ZHAO Hongbo, SHEN Li, LI Songjiang
    2023, 39(3):  165-167. 
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    Due to the insufficient storage capacity of tailings in a copper mine，it is facing the dilemma of being shut down. In order to prolong the service life of the mine，aiming at the problem that the flotation tailings have high sulfur content and cannot be directly used as building materials，the flotation tailings sulfur reduction test was carried out. It is found that the sulfur grade of tailings can be reduced from about 2.00% to less than 0.50% by flotation method，and the standard sulfur concentrate with sulfur grade of more than 35.00% can be obtained. According to the test results，combined with the actual production，the process flow，equipment selection and configuration scheme design were carried out. After the completion of the project，the tailings containing 0.38% sulfur were obtained，which met the requirements of building materials. At the same time，the standard sulfur concentrate with sulfur grade of 35.68% and recovery rate of 80.86% was obtained，which improved the economic benefits of the enterprise，mine tailings resources have been effectively developed and utilized.
    Study on Low Alkalinity Copper and Sulfur Separation in Mirador Copper Mine
    LI Shinan, YU Guanghui, DAI Xianren, LI Dong
    2023, 39(3):  168-170. 
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    In order to solve the technical problem of high pH value of tailings drainage in Mirador Copper Mine，based on the study of process mineralogy，ML-1 and lime were used as combined inhibitors for copper and sulfur separation. The results show that under the conditions of pH=11.0，when the dosage of ML-1 is 200 g/t，the separation of copper and sulfur is realized.The copper concentrate obtained in the closed-circuit test contains 26.52% copper and the copper recovery rate is 89.01%.The closed-circuit test results provide a technical basis for the separation of copper and sulfur with low alkalinity in Mirador Copper Mine.
    Flotation Test of Copper from a Copper Smelting Slag in Anhui Province
    WANG Gangqiang
    2023, 39(3):  171-174. 
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    A copper smelting slag in Anhui contains 1.64% copper. Copper mainly exists in the form of copper sulfide and elemental copper. The particle size of copper minerals is generally fine，and the copper mineral aggregates are mainly distributed at -0.043 mm. In order to determine the appropriate process for recovering copper resources from the smelting slag，a flotation test was carried out. The test results show that under the condition of one-stage grinding fineness of -0.074mm 74.2% and two-stage grinding fineness of -0.045mm 98.3%，by stage grinding process，the copper concentrate with copper grade of 23.33% and copper recovery of 86.36% was obtained by closed-circuit test through two roughing，two cleaning and three scavenging flotation process. The tailings contain 0.239% copper.
    Intelligent Control Method and Application of Material Weight in High Pressure Roller Mill Process Based on End Edge Cloud Cooperation
    ZHANG Qiang, ZHANG Wei, ZHANG Zhongjie, GUO Hairong, ZHANG Junfei
    2023, 39(3):  175-179. 
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    In order to further optimize the control of buffer warehouse material weight in the process of high pressure roller mill，aiming at the process characteristics of inertia lag，complex working condition time-varying and strong nonlinearity in the process of material weight control，and the problem that most of the buffer warehouse material weight control is caused by manual on-site control，the labor intensity is large and the accuracy and timeliness of control are difficult to guarantee，an adaptive control method of high pressure roller mill weight based on 'end-edge-cloud' collaboration is studied. The real-time optimization setting method of roller material weight parameters based on case-based reasoning is studied，and the parameter controller is designed to realize the adaptive control of material weight parameters in the operation process，which solves the lag problem of traditional irregular and empirical control，and improves the intelligent level of concentrator.
    Experimental Study on Separation Process of Nanfen Concentrator
    LI Genghui , XIAO Qifei
    2023, 39(3):  180-183. 
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    In order to support the large-scale transformation of intelligent efficiency improvement of Nanfen Concentrator，taking the ore in the main stope as the research object，and on the basis of process mineralogy research，the combined process flow of dry tailings discarding before roller grinding-high pressure grinding roller-wet tailings discarding of roller grinding products-stage grinding-low intensity magnetic separation can be used to remove the tailings with yield of 21.40% in advance，greatly reduce the subsequent grinding amount，and improve the TFe grade of the ore entering the grinding process. The final yield of iron concentrate is 39.07%，the content of TFe and mFe are 68.20% and 66.19% respectively，and the recoveries of TFe and mFe are 86.66% and 98.98% respectively.
    Upgrading and Transformation of Tonglushan Beneficiation Preparation Room
    CHEN Lingzhi, YANG Xiaogai , HU Jianyu , DENG Cheng
    2023, 39(3):  184-186. 
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    In order to provide higher efficiency and higher quality reagents for flotation in Tonglushan Concentrator，the upgrading and transformation scheme of the preparation room was studied in view of the safety and environmental protection problems such as aging facilities，great safety hazards and strong odor of reagents in the old preparation room of the concentrator. The operation status of the old preparation room of the concentrator is analyzed. The two transformation schemes are compared in the aspects of site selection， engineering matters and advantages and disadvantages of the new preparation room. Finally，the chemical scheme of dismantling the old preparation room and building the new preparation room is determined. Through the implementation of the chemical scheme and the upgrading of the new preparation room，the labor intensity of workers is reduced，the related safety and environmental protection problems are solved， and remarkable environmental benefits are achieved，which meets the requirements of scientific and green development of mines.
    Application of Advanced Oxidation Processes on the Flotation of Sulphide Ore
    YU Liufa
    2023, 39(3):  187-191. 
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    In order to promote the application and promotion of advanced oxidation technology in sulfide ore flotation，in view of the problems that most of the sulfide ore that can be used for mining at this stage are poor and complicated，the rich ore of easy-to-separate sulfide ore is gradually reduced，the flotation separation efficiency is low，the flotation concentrate grade is low and the recovery rate is not ideal， the mechanism of ozone oxidation，Fenton oxidation and electrochemical catalytic oxidation of advanced oxidation technology and the application status and mechanism of three oxidation technologies in sulfide ore separation process are reviewed. Advanced oxidation technology can produce strong oxidizing hydroxyl radicals，sulfate radicals and superoxide radicals，so that the surface of sulfide ore can produce new substances due to oxidation，which can change the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of mineral surface and affect the interaction between minerals and collectors. By summarizing the application of advanced oxidation technology in sulfide ore flotation at present，it is found that controlling the oxidation process to regulate the surface properties of minerals can be used as a new idea to realize the separation of useful minerals and gangue minerals in sulfide ore.
    0.5~0 mm System Separation Index Optimization of Meishan Gravity Separation
    OU Zhangwen , YI Deqiang
    2023, 39(3):  192-195. 
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    In order to improve the separation effect of the 0.5~0 mm separation system of Meishan preselection tailings washing ore，aiming at the problems of large fluctuation of process index in this process， the technical transformation is carried out on the site，the uniform feeding of concentrated large wells is optimized and adjusted，the expansion of low intensity magnetic separation tank is reformed，the low intensity magnetic flushing water is optimized，and the magnetic declination is adjusted to solve the feeding uniformi⁃ ty of LGS-1750 vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator. The optimized analysis results show that the concentrated well has the effect of iron extraction，desliming and silicon reduction in the process of concentration and settlement. The TFe grade of the low intensity magnetic separation concentrate is 62.01%，the TFe grade of the tailings is 15.91%，and the low intensity magnetic concentrate yield is 15.59%. After low intensity magnetic separation and high intensity magnetic separation，the comprehensive concentrate TFe grade is 49.36%，the yield is 28.21%，the recovery rate is 63.15%，and the total wet tailings iron grade of gravity separation is reduced to 12.55%. The low intensity magnetic and high intensity magnetic process system has remarkable effect on treating all slime in gravity separation.
    Research Progress in Preparation and Application of Molybdenum Disulfide Lubricant
    PENG Wei , YANG Bo, SU Zheng, ZHANG Dongya , XIE Ling , CHEN Chen , GUO Qipeng
    2023, 39(3):  196-199. 
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    Molybdenum disulfide has become one of the research hotspots in the field of materials science in recent years because of its excellent lubrication performance. In order to improve the application value of molybdenum disulfide，several main preparation methods of molybdenum disulfide preparation，such as stripping method，deposition method and hydrothermal method are reviewed. The mechanism and research status of various preparation methods are emphatically expounded. At the same time，the application status of lubricating additives prepared by molybdenum disulfide is expounded，in order to provide reference for the application research of molybdenum disulfide lubricating additives and composite materials.
    Optimization of Beneficiation Process of Shirengou Iron Mine
    ZHANG Guoqiang
    2023, 39(3):  200-202. 
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    In order to solve the problems caused by the fine crystal particles，poor quality，more mixed surrounding rocks，low grade and complex and changeable ore properties in the ore of the third phase of Shirengou Iron Mine，the ore dressing workshop was studied by the comparing process tests. Three optimization and improvement measures were taken: ①controlling the feed rate of the ball mill，adjusting the overflow fineness of the classifier，and increasing the sand return ratio; ②adjusting the separation gap of the magnetic separator，cleaning the magnetic separator groove regularly，and improving the tailings rate of the roughing stage by about 3%; ③Replace the high frequency fine screen mesh，control the fineness of the product under the screen is about-0.074mm 64%.After optimization，not only the iron concentrate with a total iron grade of more than 68% was produced，but also the design capacity was achieved.
    Exploratory Test of Iron Recovery from Iron-bearing Surrounding Rock of Bayan Obo Dump Using Isa Mill
    PENG Yanrong, YAN Guoying, WANG Junjie, NAN Kai
    2023, 39(3):  203-205. 
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    In order to recycle the low-grade iron resources in Bayan Obo surrounding rock dump，the pre-dry concentrate of iron-bearing surrounding rock in dump is taken as the object，a multi-process comparative test was carried out on the basis of total iron content of 20.00% and magnetic iron content of 14.20% by using the stage grinding process. The test results show that the iron concentrate with iron grade of 66.60%，magnetic iron grade of 65.60%，total iron recovery rate of 89.09% and magnetic iron recovery rate of 97.76% is obtained by using Isa mill as the two-stage grinding equipment，which lays a good foundation for the recovery and utilization of related iron resources.
    Transformation and Practice of Feed End of 3245 Lattice Ball Mill
    YU Haitao
    2023, 39(3):  206-208. 
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    In order to increase the pre-concentration process before grinding in the primary grinding and classification system composed of lattice ball mill and spiral classifier，Longqiao Mining Co.，Ltd. carried out a study on the transformation of the primary grinding and classification system in view of the high failure rate of the spiral feeder of the lattice ball mill，the poor classification efficiency of the spiral classifier and the low processing capacity of the system，which will lead to the problem that the pre-concentration system before grinding cannot reach the designed processing capacity after the transformation. By removing the traditional screw feeder of ball mill and using elbow pipe to feed，the failure rate of equipment is reduced. The cyclone is used to replace the double spiral classifier，which improves the classification efficiency， makes the production process smooth and achieves the design processing capacity. After the transformation， the cost of purchasing and consuming spare parts can be saved by more than 200，000 yuan，and the annual power cost can be saved by more than 100，000 yuan，with remarkable economic benefits.
    Simulation and Optimization of Magnetic Field Characteristics of Permanent Closed Magnetic Circuit
    CHENG Lei, WEI Honggang
    2023, 39(3):  209-211. 
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    In order to develop a permanent magnet magnetic circuit high intensity magnetic separator， the magnetic field characteristics of the permanent magnet closed magnetic circuit workspace are studied in depth，and the magnetic field strength parameterization model of the permanent magnet closed magnetic circuit is established. The influence of magnetic circuit structure parameters on the magnetic field strength and magnetic flux leakage in the workspace is simulated and analyzed. It is found that the magnetic field strength in the workspace is related to the shape of the permanent magnet，the magnetic pole distance and the working width of the workspace. According to the simulation analysis results，the larger the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the permanent magnet to the height，the smaller the magnetic pole distance，the smaller the working width，and the higher the magnetic field strength in the working space. According to the optimized magnetic circuit model，a test prototype is made，and the correctness of the simulation model is verified by magnetic field measurement.
    Influence Factors Research on Superfine Grinding Technology for Ferrite Magnetic Powder Based on Vertical Disc Stirring Mill
    WANG Dubo, HE Jiancheng, SUN Xiaoxu, YAO Jianchao, LU Shijie
    2023, 39(3):  212-215. 
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    In order to study and verify the influence of vertical disc stirred mill on the ultrafine grinding effect of ferrite magnetic powder，the orthogonal test was carried out based on the test platform of vertical disc stirred mill in the laboratory.The influence of five key parameters，such as the diameter of the stirring plate，the gap between adjacent stirring plates，the area ratio of the gap plate，the linear velocity of the edge of the stirring plate and the number of stirring plates，on the grinding effect was studied. The results show that with energy consumption as the assessment index，the influence from large to small is the rotation speed of the stirring plate，the number of stirring plates，the diameter of the stirring plate，the gap between adjacent stirring plates and the area ratio of the gap plate.The ultra-fine grinding process of ferrite magnetic powder in Fuyang production base of BGRIMM Machinery and Automation Technology Co.，Ltd.was compared. The vertical plate stirring mill was used as the ultra-fine grinding equipment，which can reduce the energy consumption by 22.5% per ton.
    Study on the Influence of Flocculant on Flotation Index of Daye Iron Mine Concentrator
    HUANG Chunyuan
    2023, 39(3):  216-218. 
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    In order to accelerate the settlement of tailings，reduce the residual amount of flocculant in the supernatant and reduce the influence on flotation index，Daye Iron Mine concentrator carried out flocculant selection，stirring tank improvement and concentration equipment modification test. The test results show that after the selection of flocculant and a series of measures to improve，the amount of flocculant added in tailings concentration is reduced from 40 g/t to 15 g/t，and the recovery rate of copper concentrate is restored from 82.54% to 84.35%，which greatly reduces the influence of residual flocculant in return water on flotation index. The economic benefit is remarkable，and it has certain popularization and application value.
    Research and Application of a Automatic Control of Pulp Measuring Device Using Multiple Communication Protocols
    LI Meifen , HUANG Bo, YAN Zhenkui
    2023, 39(3):  219-222. 
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    In order to reduce the workload of the measuring personnel，the quality inspection center of Yunnan Hualian Zinc Indium Co.，Ltd. has carried out a research on the application of a variety of communication automatic control metering devices for the problem that the measuring personnel frequently run onsite to record the sampling data. The control program is written by Siemens 200 series PLC S7-200 CPU224 XP CN，and the control signals such as Mettler-Toledo IND231 weighing display，slurry divider，liquid lev⁃ el meter and pneumatic valve are displayed on the human-machine interface touch screen MT8103 IE. Bucket water（A）value，K value，real-time quality adjustment value，raw ore moisture value and cumulative tonnage value are written into the DCS control system through the program. Through the free port communication protocol，Ethernet communication protocol，MODBUS communication protocol，etc.，the automatic control of the slurry metering device is completed，and the timing record data is obtained and applied to the field data record，which improves the work efficiency and reduces the labor intensity of the staff.
    Research and Design of Magnetic Tile Automatic Alignment Conveyor
    PENG Zhengquan , SHU Yunfeng, LI Xiaoyan , ZHANG Ji , ZHU Changzhi, XIE Aixiang
    2023, 39(3):  223-224. 
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    A magnetic tile automatic alignment conveyor is introduced. The conveyor includes a conveying unit and a calibration unit.The purpose is to realize the position correction of the magnetic tile on the first conveyor belt.Namely，the length direction of the conveyor belt parallel to the two ends of the magnetic tile to avoid the bias of the magnetic tile on the first conveyor belt，resulting in the magnetic tile being ground into a parallelogram or blocking the feed port of the grinding units at both ends.
    Analysis of the Impact of an Iron Mine Construction Project on the Surrounding Environment
    CHENG Wei, ZANG Yao
    2023, 39(3):  225-228. 
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    In order to ensure the sustainable development of ecology，the environmental impact assessment of an iron mine construction project was carried out. By means of data collection and monitoring data analysis，through the historical traceability and environmental impact investigation of the site，the surrounding environment of the construction project during the construction period and the completion stage is evaluated according to the relevant national technical specifications. The basic situation of the iron mine construction project is introduced from the aspects of surrounding environment，environmental compatibility of project site selection，construction content and pollution production. At the same time，according to the data of environmental impact assessment report and acceptance monitoring report of construction project，the influence of project construction on atmosphere，water，sound，soil environment and solid waste was studied， and the corresponding environmental protection measures were put forward. The results show that by comparing the monitoring data of the report，there is no obvious adverse impact on the surrounding environment during the construction and completion stages of the project; in the case of no major changes in the production process，environmental pollution measures and other main projects，the continued operation of the project has little impact on the surrounding environment.
    Analysis of Dynamic Stability of High Tailings Dam Closure
    JU Haiqiao, YU Zhongfeng, YANG Zhimin, FU Dianshan, JU Xiangyang, ZHOU Kebo
    2023, 39(3):  229-231. 
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    The dynamic stability of the high tailings dam has been paid more and more attention by the industry and the regulatory authorities，and some development has been achieved in recent ten years.Taking a high tailings dam to close your library as the research object，a finite element model of tailings dam for dynamic response analysisis is established by using Quake module of Geo-Studio software，and the dynamic stability of dam is simulated and analyzed. The minimum safety factor of dam and the dynamic results are calculated.The results show that the dam is safe ，which provides a theoretical basis for ensuring the safety for the dam closure，and can be used as a reference for similar projects.
    Isolated Grouting Technology of Overburden in Haizi Coal Mine, Huaibei Mining Area
    ZHANG Liyang , SHI Yangyang
    2023, 39(3):  232-234. 
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    The construction of green mines has become the industry consensus. Many coal mines are actively exploring new production methods with high efficiency and environmental protection. Haizi Coal Mine in Huaibei Mining Area has successfully used the gangue overburden isolation grouting filling technology by combining the mine filling technology with the mine waste disposal.The background, idea, principle and practical application of this technology are introduced. This technology can effectively reduce the ground collapse and ground fissures and other geological disasters, and eliminate the damage to the ecological environment of the mining area caused by a large amount of ground coal gangue accumulation, so as to the standard of both economic and social benefits are achieved. The application of this technology can provide new ideas and methods for green mining.
    Application of Matter Element Optimization Model in Site Selection of Tailing Dewatering Plant of a Phosphate Mine
    LIU Ping, YUAN Mingli, XIA Gangyuan, HAI Yuren, LI Shujian, CHEN Peng
    2023, 39(3):  235-239. 
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    There are many factors to consider in site selection，and once determined，it is extremely difficult to change. In order to optimize the site selection of 5 tailings dewatering plants provided by a phosphate mine，the main factors affecting site selection were analyzed from the perspectives of technology， economy，environment and national policy，and the evaluation system of dewatering plant site selection scheme was constructed，which was composed of one target layer，three criterion layers and thirteen standard layers.According to the scoring method，the index is quantified and the rating criteria are given，and the technical and economic comparison and analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the five site selection schemes are carried out，and the Scheme 1 which is restricted by environmental protection policies is excluded. Finally，the matter-element model is used to further optimize the four schemes，and the optimal site selection scheme is determined as Scheme 3. The results can provide reference value for the final selection of the site selection scheme.
    Study on Iron Tailings as Topsoil Substitute Materials
    XU Qingrong
    2023, 39(3):  240-243. 
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    In order to alleviate the impact of surface soil scarcity on ecological restoration in high-altitude cold mining areas，whether the iron tailings to municipal sludge proportioning can be used as substitute material for surface soil was studied. The physical and chemical properties of surface soil substitute materials after mixing different types of iron tailings with municipal sludge and planting vegetation on surface soil substitute materials were studied. The test results show that it is feasible to use iron tailings and sludge as topsoil substitute materials. The organic matter content of the topsoil substitute material mixed with iron tail⁃ ings A and sludge is 2.42%~15.60%，and the soil bulk density is 1.07~1.49 g/m3，which meets the requirements of soil fertility organic matter greater than 0.5% and soil bulk density less than 1.50 g/m3 of "Land Reclamation Quality Control Standard"（TD/T1036-2013）. When the iron tailings A and sludge were mixed at a volume ratio of 9∶1，it had the best effect as a topsoil substitute material，with more plant vegetation survival species，higher plant growth height and survival rate.
    Discussion on the Technical Ideas of Green Development of Suyukou Phosphate Mine in Ningxia
    XIANG Liange, YANG Hequn, LIU Ying, LU Maoxin, WANG Hong, WANG Donggang
    2023, 39(3):  244-248. 
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    Suyukou phosphate mine in Ningxia usually first flotation fine mineral powder，then processing with sulfuric acid to produce superphosphate，this method has high energy consumption and environmental pollution problems.In order to continue the green development of Suyukou phosphate rock resources in Helanshan in the future，referring to the experimental research results in the field of phosphate fertilizer， the technical ideas for the green development of Suyukou phosphate rock were discussed and studied. The research results show that the processing process can be simplified in the ore utilization process，and the silicon calcium phosphate fertilizer or ultrafine activated phosphate powder fertilizer can be directly manufactured. Thus，developing and utilizing the Suyukou phosphate rock resources in Helanshan in a green，energy saving and environmental protection way can be realized.
    Application of MLA Combined Technology in Identification and Analysis of Imported Gold Ore
    LYU Xiaohua, ZHANG Jinlong, QIN Ting, HONG Qiuyang, WANG Ting, HU Xiaoxia
    2023, 39(3):  249-253. 
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    The phase composition，chemical composition and micro-morphology of one block of imported gold ores are analyzed by using MLA combined technology.Combined with the characteristic analysis of gold ores and jarosite residue，secondary mineral formed in acid mine drainage，the attribute identification of gold ores is realized. The results show that the surface of sample have holes，the micro morphology of jarosite in the sample is earthy and colloidal state，the gold content in the sample is 2.57g·t-1，the pH value is 3.71，and the acid characteristic is remarkable .The main phase of samle are FeS2，SiO2，KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6， K0.5-1 (Al，Fe，Mg)2(SiAl)4O10 (OH)2•nH2O ，BaSO4，CaSO4，eta l.The jarosite content in the sample is 7.43%， and the content of Zn，Cu and As far lower than the content of its in jarosite residue produced in zinc hydrometallurgy，and it doesn’t contain the phase composition of zinc ferrite and zinc silicate in the sample. Comprehensive analysis of the apperarance，microscopic morphology，phase composition，chemical composition of the sample，the sample conforms to natural mineral characteristics，inferred that the sample is probably structural altered rocks-host gold deposit or altered minerals of composite gold deposits transformed latterly by volcanic exhalative sedimentation.
    Study on Assessment Model of Backfill Pipeline Wear Risk Based on Attribute Recognition
    QIN Xiuhe
    2023, 39(3):  254-258. 
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    In order to effectively quantitatively analyze and evaluate the wear risk grade of filling pipeline，the attribute recognition theory is introduced，and a comprehensive evaluation model of filling pipeline wear risk based on the attribute recognition of improved CRITIC method is established. Firstly，12 representative influencing factors including weighted average particle size of filling aggregate were selected from four aspects of slurry characteristics，pipeline characteristics，construction technology and filling technology， and a multi-level comprehensive evaluation index system was established. Secondly，the method of improvement CRITIC is adopted to determine the objective weight of the indicator. According to the attribute characteristics of the indicator and the grading criteria，the measure function is established，and the single indicator attribute measure and comprehensive attribute measure values are calculated respectively. Under the principle of attribute recognition，the risk level is comprehensively evaluated. Finally，taking Jinchuan Longshou Mine，Baoshan Lead-zinc Mine and Xincheng Gold Mine as examples，relevant calculation was carried out to judge the pipeline wear risk status of each mine. By comparing with the evaluation results of unascertained measure theory and variable fuzzy set theory，the accuracy of the established attribute recognition model based on Improvement CRITIC method in the analysis and evaluation of wear risk was verified. The results show that the wear risk levels of filling pipeline in three mines are respectively level Ⅱ，level Ⅲ and level Ⅲ. The results are consistent with the engineering practice，and the evaluation results of the three comprehensive evaluation models are the same，which provides a new method for the wear risk assessment of filling pipeline.