Abstract: The temperature of mines in alpine region is low，and the rocks are often frozen，and are covered with frozen soil layer. The blasting mechanism is unknown，and the blasting effect is difficult to control. Combining theoretical analysis with laboratory tests，the mechanism of rock blasting fragmentation and the variation law of main mechanical parameters of rock under low temperature freezing conditions are analyzed. Based on the basic theory of non frozen rock blasting，this paper expounds three popular theoreti⁃ cal foundations of rock blasting crushing mechanism，and analyzes the blasting crushing mechanism of fro⁃ zen rock. In addition，rock static and dynamic tests were carried out at 20 ℃，0 ℃，-5 ℃，-15 ℃ and - 30 ℃. The results show that under the same freezing temperature，the dynamic strength of rock is signifi⁃ cantly greater than the static strength. With the decrease of temperature，the dynamic and static strength of rock gradually increases，and the mechanical parameters of rock show a linear correlation. Under freezing conditions，the internal structure of rock is more compact，the overall bearing capacity is greatly im⁃ proved，and the blasting difficulty of rock is increased. The research results can provide an important basis for the technical optimization of on-site blasting parameters in alpine region.

Key words: alpine region, blasting mechanism of frozen rock, static and dynamic test, physical and mechanical properties of rock