Abstract: The study focuses on a lead-zinc ore from Yunnan，employing various analytical methods such as chemical multi-element analysis，phase analysis，optical microscopy，and MLA for process miner⁃ alogy research. The results indicate that the useful elements in the ore are lead and zinc，with grades of 0.78% and 4.41%，respectively，and the associated precious metal silver content is approximately 15.31 g/t. The main metallic minerals in the ore are galena，cerussite，sphalerite，rhodochrosite，pyrite，and marca⁃ site，while the gangue minerals primarily consist of calcite，quartz，sodium feldspar，potassium feldspar， and montmorillonite. The particle size distribution of the ore minerals is uneven，with galena and sphaler⁃ ite at -0.16 mm accounting for 70.30% and 81.38%，respectively，classified as medium-fine particle em⁃ bedding. The pyrite has a coarser particle size，with +0.16 mm accounting for 60.04%. Most galena fills the gaps of sphalerite，while sphalerite primarily fills the fractures and interstices of pyrite (marcasite). The complex embedding relationships between the minerals may increase the difficulty of separating lead-zinc and zinc-sulfur.

Key words: lead-zinc ore, process mineralogy, mineral composition, embedding characteristics