Abstract: Aiming at the problem of great potential safety hazards of a large number of goafs without pillars in a lead-zinc mine，the stability demonstration and treatment scheme of goafs are studied. The field investigation and laboratory test are carried out on the goaf，and the mechanical parameters of rock mass are determined by using the relevant theoretical methods，and the comprehensive evaluation of rock mass quality is carried out by using RQD，RMR and Q system classification method. The safety factor of only one pillar is calculated by using the average stress of irregular pillar bearing，and its stability is ana⁃ lyzed. Combined with the maximum unsupported span of the goaf roof and the Mathews stability diagram method，the stability of the roof is analyzed according to the most unfavorable principle. The results show that the rock mass quality under the RMR classification method is the worst，which is Grade III general rock mass. The safety factor of the pillar is 0.51，which is far less than the safety value of 1.5. The number of unstable and above empty areas is 9，accounting for 60 % of the total. Finally，the corresponding treat⁃ ment measures are put forward for these empty areas，which provides reference for solving similar hidden dangers in empty areas.

Key words: Mathews stability diagram method, rock mass quality, goaf, treatment measure