Abstract: Qinba Mountains area is an important stone coal producing area in China. It is rich in stone coal resources and has a long history of mining. However，non-standard mining activities in history have led to a series of ecological and environmental problems，especially the problem of acidic wastewater in aban⁃ doned mines. In order to explore the solution to the problem of acid water geological environment in Qinba Mountains area，the acid water samples in the study area are collected on the spot. The heavy metal content of water samples is measured by photoelectric colorimetry and chemical titration. The surface water environ⁃ ment quality in the study area is evaluated by single index method and Nemero index method. The results showed that the over standard rate of Pb，Cu，Cr6+ and Cd in the surface water of the basin is 100%，65%， 25% and 100%，respectively，and there is a large amount of iron and aluminum enrichment. The causes of acid water in mines and the influence of acid water on local residents and aquatic organisms are further ana⁃ lyzed，and a two-way linkage treatment scheme of source reduction and end treatment is proposed.

Key words: stone coal mine, acid wastewater, heavy metal pollution, ecological protection