Abstract: Combined with the mining technical conditions of an iron mine，the problems arising from the application of the conventional pillarless sublevel caving method were firstly analyzed，and on this basis， the optimization research and improvement of the mining scheme were carried out. According to the thickness of the ore body，the strike arrangement of the vertical ore body in the stoping road is adjusted to the strike arrangement along the ore body to ensure that the footwall ore body is fully recovered.For the medium thick ore body，the stope structure is improved according to the results of the drawing simulation experiment，and the location and side hole angle of the ore drawing roadway are determined reasonably.The ANSYS numerical model is established to study the mechanism of caving surrounding rock through goad excavation. Reasonable arrangement of tunneling time and sequence can achieve pressure mining and reduce the stress of roadway surrounding rock.By taking these measures，the loss and dilution index of mining can be reduced，and the purpose of production protection，efficiency improvement and safe mining can be achieved.

Key words: underground mines, mining method, optimization study, numerical model