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现代矿业 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 233-237.

• 环保·生态修复 • 上一篇    下一篇

废弃铅锌矿井重金属污染评价分析

夏明强,潘磊,郭富强   

  1. 浙江煤炭地质局勘探一队
  • 出版日期:2020-04-25 发布日期:2020-05-20

Evaluation and Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution in Abandoned Lead-zinc Mine

Xia Mingqiang,Pan Lei,Guo Fuqiang   

  1. Zhejiang Administration of Coal Geology the First Team of Exploration
  • Online:2020-04-25 Published:2020-05-20

摘要: 废弃铅锌矿井遍及全国各地,铅锌矿的开采利用虽带来了大量的物质财富,但也给生态环境造成了较大影响,不仅森林植被遭到破坏,景观破碎,还造成重金属污染和诱发塌陷等地质灾害问题。通过对废弃铅锌矿井重金属污染进行分析研究,以达到废弃铅锌矿井治理修复的效果。植物具有积累或富集重金属的作用,许多研究通过铅锌矿区自然生长植物的调查以寻找修复矿区重金属污染的植物。综合有关研究,对铅锌矿区重金属具有良好富集作用的植物包括蕨类植物(Pteridophyta)的蜈蚣草、笔管草、芒萁,菊科(Compositae)的一年蓬、小飞蓬、全叶马兰、蒲公英,认为小飞蓬、马尾草、蜈蚣草能够有效吸附重金属。以庆元县废弃铅锌矿区为例,进行了废弃铅锌矿井重金属污染评价,并讨论了相应的治理措施,对于类似矿区重金属污染评价及治理有一定的参考价值。

关键词: 重金属污染, 地质灾害, 污染评价, 治理措施

Abstract: Abandoned lead-zinc mines are spread all over the country.Although the mining and utilization of lead-zinc minerals has brought a lot of material wealth,it has also affected the ecological environment.Inducing geological disasters such as subsidence.This article analyzes and investigates heavy metal pollution in abandoned lead-zinc mines in order to achieve the effect of treatment and rehabilitation of abandoned lead-zinc mines.Plants have the function of accumulating or accumulating heavy metals.Many studies have investigated plants growing in lead-zinc mines to find plants that repair heavy metal pollution in the mines.Based on comprehensive research,plants that have a good enrichment effect on heavy metals in lead-zinc mines include pteridophyta yarrow,pennisetum,miscanthus,annual wing,small flying awn,and full-leaf maran,dandelion,it is concluded that the small flying canopy,horsetail,and yarrow can effectively absorb heavy metals.Taking Qingyuan County's abandoned lead-zinc mine area as an example,heavy metal pollution evaluation is conducted and the coresponding treatment measures of the abandoned lead-zinc mine are proposed so as to provide some reliable for the evaluation and treatment of heavy metal pollution in abandoned mines.

Key words: Heavy metal pollution, Geological disasters, Pollution assessment, Governance measures